Chapter 18 - Essentials of Networking

Question 1

What is a host in networking?

Answer 1

A host is any device connected to a network.

Question 2

Give examples of hosts.

Answer 2

Desktop, laptop, printer, smartphone, smart TV, industrial equipment.

Question 3

What does the term local host refer to?

Answer 3

The device you’re using right now (your personal computer or phone).

Question 4

What does the term remote host refer to?

Answer 4

Another device on the same network or accessible over the internet (like a website server).

Question 5

What are common reasons people use networks?

Answer 5

Surf the web, stream videos, share and print documents, access cloud storage or email.

Question 6

What is the role of your device in network-based tasks?

Answer 6

It reaches out to another device (a server) to request or retrieve data.

Question 7

What type of device does your device usually contact on a network?

Answer 7

A server.

Question 8

What are examples of streaming services that require a network?

Answer 8

YouTube, Netflix.

Question 9

Why is accessing cloud storage considered a network task?

Answer 9

Because it involves retrieving data from another device over the internet.

Question 10

What does a web server do?

Answer 10

Stores and serves web pages.

Question 11

What software might a web server use?

Answer 11

Apache HTTP or Microsoft IIS.

Question 12

How does a browser interact with a web server?

Answer 12

The browser (client) requests webpage data from the web server.

Question 13

What is the main function of a streaming server?

Answer 13

Delivers video quickly and smoothly using specialized software.

Question 14

What is a print server used for?

Answer 14

It shares a locally connected printer over the network.

Question 15

How do other devices use a print server?

Answer 15

They print through it even if the printer is plugged into a different computer.

Question 16

What is the function of a file server?

Answer 16

Hosts shared folders and files for others to browse or edit over the network.

Question 17

What does a mail server handle?

Answer 17

Sending, receiving, and storing email.

Question 18

Which clients typically connect to a mail server?

Answer 18

Outlook, Apple Mail, etc.

Question 19

What are legacy and embedded systems in networking?

Answer 19

Older or specialized systems that still function as network devices.

Question 20

Why are legacy systems often still in use?

Answer 20

They still work and replacing them would be costly or disruptive.

Question 21

What is a resource in networking?

Answer 21

Anything a device can share with another device.

Question 22

What are common types of network resources?

Answer 22

Webpages, videos, files/folders, printers, email, music.

Question 23

What is the main goal of networking?

Answer 23

To allow devices to share and access resources.

Question 24

What are examples of standardized physical infrastructure in networking?

Answer 24

Ethernet cables, Network Interface Cards (NICs), and device connections.

Question 25

Why is standardized physical infrastructure important?

Answer 25

It ensures all hardware works well together.

Question 26

Why does each device on a network need a unique address?

Answer 26

To send and receive data accurately.

Question 27

What type of address is used to identify devices on a network?

Answer 27

IP address.

Question 28

What do servers need to share resources?

Answer 28

Software that makes resources available.

Question 29

What do clients need to access network resources?

Answer 29

Software that requests and uses the shared resources.

Question 30

What is a Network Interface Controller (NIC)?

Answer 30

Hardware that connects a computer to the network.

Question 31

What unique function does a NIC provide to a device?

Answer 31

It gives the device a unique identity on the network.

Question 32

How does a NIC handle large files during transmission?

Answer 32

It chops them into smaller data packets and reassembles them at the destination.

Question 33

How were NICs typically installed in the past?

Answer 33

They were physical cards installed into computers.

Question 34

Where are NICs usually found today?

Answer 34

Built into the motherboard of most modern devices.

Question 35

What is a transmission medium in networking?

Answer 35

The physical way data travels from one device to another.

Question 36

What is the most common transmission medium?

Answer 36

Cable carrying electrical signals.

Question 37

What are some wireless transmission methods?

Answer 37

Radio waves (Wi-Fi), infrared, and other wireless technologies.

Question 38

What role does the operating system play in networking?

Answer 38

It communicates with the NIC, sends and receives data, and connects with other machines.

Question 39

Why does the OS need networking software?

Answer 39

To understand how to send, receive, and manage data over a network.

Question 40

What happens to data before it travels over a network?

Answer 40

It’s broken into smaller pieces called frames.

Question 41

What is a frame in networking?

Answer 41

A basic unit of data used to move information between network devices.

Question 42

What do frames include?

Answer 42

Sender's MAC address, receiver's MAC address, data, and error checking info.

Question 43

What is the function of the sender’s MAC address in a frame?

Answer 43

It acts like a return address.

Question 44

What is the receiver’s MAC address used for in a frame?

Answer 44

To indicate where the frame is going.

Question 45

What does error checking in a frame do?

Answer 45

Ensures the data hasn’t been corrupted during transmission.

Question 46

What component creates and processes frames?

Answer 46

The NIC (Network Interface Controller).

Question 47

What is the relationship between packets and frames?

Answer 47

Packets live inside of frames; frames are the outer wrapper.

Question 48

What is a MAC address?

Answer 48

A unique ID assigned to every NIC (Network Interface Controller).

Question 49

What is the format of a MAC address?

Answer 49

A 48-bit binary number.

Question 50

Where is the MAC address sometimes found physically?

Answer 50

Printed on the NIC itself.

Question 51

What is MAC spoofing?

Answer 51

Manually changing the MAC address of a NIC.

Question 52

What are the main components of a frame?

Answer 52

Destination MAC, Source MAC, Payload (Data), and Error checking.

Question 53

What is CRC in networking?

Answer 53

Cyclic Redundancy Check – a math formula to verify data integrity.

Question 54

What happens if CRC fails?

Answer 54

The receiver knows data was corrupted and can request it again.

Question 55

Why do frames vary in size?

Answer 55

Because different network technologies use different frame sizes.