Chapter 18 - Gastrointestinal and Urologic Emergencies

Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding dialysis is correct?

A. Acute hypertension is a common adverse effect of dialysis

B. Patients who miss a dialysis treatment often present with weakness

C. Hemodialysis is effective but carries a high risk of peritonitis

D. The purpose of dialysis is to help the kidneys retain salt and water

Answer 1

B. Patients who miss a dialysis treatment often present with weakness

P 719, Dialysis Emergencies

Question 2

An important aspect in the treatment of a patient with severe abdominal pain is to:

A. administer analgesic medications to alleviate pain

B. encourage the patient to remain in a supine position

C. give 100% oxygen only if signs of shock are present

D. provide emotional support en route to the hospital

Answer 2

D. provide emotional support en route to the hospital

P 718, Patient Assessment

Question 3

Most patients with abdominal pain prefer to:

A. Lie in a supine position with their knees in a flexed position

B. sit in a semi-Fowler position with their knees slightly bent

C. lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen

D. sit fully upright because it helps relax the abdominal muscles

Answer 3

C. lie on their side with their knees drawn into the abdomen

P 718, Patient Assessment

Question 4

A 29-year-old pregnant woman has had severe vomiting for the last 2 days. Today, she is vomiting large amounts of blood. Her skin is cool and pale and she is tachycardic. The EMT should suspect:

A. esophageal varices

B. esophagitis

C. Mallory-Weiss tear

D. acute pancreatitis

Answer 4

C. Mallory-Weiss tear

P 711, Pathophysiology

Question 5

A young female presents with costovertebral angle tenderness. She is conscious and alert, with stable vital signs. Which of the following organs is MOST likely causing her pain?

A. Pancreas

B. Kidney

C. Gallbladder

D. Liver

Answer 5

B. Kidney

P 709, Pathophysiology