Chapter 18 The circulatory system: blood Flashcards
(27 cards)
18.1 general aspects of blood
What does the circulatory consist of?
heart, blood vessels and blood
18.1a Purposes of blood circulation
what are the 3 functions of circulatory system
Transport, protection, and regulation
18.1a cont.
Transport
blood carries oxygen from lungs to all of body’s tissue while CO2 gets picked up and carried to lungs for removal
picks up nutrients to deliver to whole body
carries metobolic waste to kidneys for removal
carries hormones
transports a variety of stem cells from bone marrow to other tissues
18.1a cont.
Protection
blood plays role in inflammation , limits spread of infection
W.B.C destroy microorganisms and cancer cells , remove debris from tissues
antibodies neutralize toxins and help destroy pathogen
R.B.C bind foreign antigens and transport them to liver and spleen for disposal
platelets secrete factors that intiate blood clotting, contribute to tissue growth & blood vessel maintenace
18.1a cont.
Regulation
acts as buffers for acids of extracellular fluid
gives off fluids under diff condi. for blood capilaries to stabalize fluid distribution
cutaneous blood helps in temperature reg. by shifting heat to the skin for heat loss or retaining heat deeper in body to conserv heat.
18.1b componets and general properties fof blood
What is plasma
Blood plasma is the matrix that is clear yellow fluid in color and contains a little over half of the blood volume.
18.1b componets and general properties fof blood
What are the** formed elements** suspened in plasma?
they are cell fragments, R.B.C, W.B.C and platelets
18.1b componets and general properties fof blood
what is blood fractionation
separation of blood into it’s basic components
18.1b componets and general properties fof blood
what is hematocrit (packed cell value)
the volume of R.B.C
women=37%-48%
men=45%-52%
18.1b componets and general properties fof blood
what is blood serum
overlaying fluid that remins after plasma is centrifuged, allowed to clot then centrifuged. Serum is valuable for vaccines, antvenins, and other therapies
18.1c blood plasma
What are the 3 Major categories of Plasma?
Albumin, globulin, and fibrinogen
18.1c Blood plasma
what does Albumin do?
it is the smallest and most abundun (60%)
transports various solutes( lipids hoirmones and calcium) and buffers
responsible for colloid osmotic pressure
contributes to blood viscosity
18.1c Blood plasma
What does globulins do
divided in 3 substances from smallest to largest, alpha, beta and gamma, globulins trnsport and plays a role in clotting and immunty
18.1c Blood plasma
what does fibrinogen do ?
A precursor to fibrin that forms the framework of a blood clot.
18.1c blood plasma
what are the toxic end products of catabolism called?
nitrogenous wastes the most abundant being urea that is excreted by the kidneys
18.1d blood viscosity and osmolarity
what is viscosity?
resistance to fluid to flow, resulting from cohesion of its particles ( thickness or stickiness of the fluid.
18.1d blood viscosity and osmolarity
osmolarity
refers to the total concentration of solute particles
18.1d blood viscosity and osmolarity
colloid osmitic pressure
this is the contribution of protein to the blood osmotic pressure
18.1e How blood is produced
hematopoiesis
the production of platelets, wbcs and especially rbc and it’s formed elements
18.1e How blood is produced
what is hematopoietic tissues?
Tissues that produce rbc
18.1e How blood is produced
what are myeloids?
blood formation in the bone marrow
18.1e How blood is produced
what is hematopoiesis?
blood formation in the lymphoid
18.1e How blood is produced
what are hematopoietic stem cells?
multi potent stem cell that develop into formed elements
18.1e How blood is produced
what are colony forming units?
a Hematopietic stem cell that whicb has been turned into a specialized cell. These cells form formed elements.
