Chapter 19: Blood

Question 1

What are the generic components of blood?

Answer 1

1. Blood Plasma
2. Cells
3. Cell Fragments

Question 2

What is blood?

Answer 2

Connective Tissue with a liquid matrix

Question 3

What is the normal temperature of blood?

Answer 3

~38 C, higher than body temp

Question 4

What is normal pH of blood?

Answer 4

7.35 - 7.45 (slightly alkaline)

Question 5

What percentage does blood make up of extracellular fluid?

Answer 5

Blood makes up 20% of extracellular fluid… 5L of blood - depends on a persons weight

Question 6

What are the three functions of blood?

Answer 6

Transportation, Regulation, and Protection

Question 7

What does blood transport? Describe

Answer 7

1. O2 (from lungs)
2. CO2
3. nutrients (from gastrointestinal)
4. hormones to target tissues
5. heat (could be sent to body surface or body core)
6. wastes (could go urinary, lungs, depends on type of waste)

Question 8

What does blood regulate? Describe

Answer 8

1. Homeostasis of body fluids
2. pH of body fluids - dependent on buffers present in blood, important for enzymes to function
3. Body temperature
4. Osmotic Pressure - how capillary exchange happens, decides water content of cells

Question 9

What does blood protect?

Answer 9

1. Clto formation with blood loss
2. Blood carries: WBC’s, antibodies, inferons (useful gainst viruses), complements

Question 10

When we centrifuge blood, what does blood separate into? What are the % distributions of the separated blood?

Answer 10

1. Plasma - 55%
2. Buffy coat - WBC’s and platelets
3. RBC’s - 45%

Question 11

What percent of body weight is blood?

Answer 11

8%

Question 12

What are the general components of blood?

Answer 12

Blood Plasma and Dissolved Solutes

Question 13

What comprises blood plasma?

Answer 13

1. Mostly water ~90%
2. Proteins (made by liver)
3. Dissolved Solutes

Question 14

What are the specificly named proteins in blood plasma?

Answer 14

Albumin - contributor to blood colloidal osmotic pressure

Globulin - immune system

Fibrinogen - blood clotting

Angiotensinogen

Question 15

What are the dissolved solutes in blood plasma?

Answer 15

electrolytes

nutrients

gases

regulatory substances

waste products

Question 16

What are the formed elements of blood?

Answer 16

1. RBC’s
2. WBC’s - immune system, low in number but go up with infection or disease
3. platelets - broken down cells

Question 17

What are platelets made of?

Answer 17

Broken down Megakaryocite