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Anatomy & Physiology II - Lab > Chapter 19 - Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Chapter 19 - Blood Vessels Flashcards

(87 cards)

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1
Q

What is the intrinsic conduction system?

A

The hearts ability to beat, ensures heart muscle depolarizes in an orderly and sequential fashion, from atria to ventricles, and the heart beats as one unit

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2
Q

Intrinsic Conduction System Path

A

SA Node, AV Node, AV Bundle, R + L Bundle Branches, Perkinje Fibers

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3
Q

Role of SA Node + Depolarization rate

A

Pacemaker of the heart, depolarizes 75/minute

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4
Q

Role of Purkinje Fibers

A

Ensure heart is completely depolarized

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5
Q

What is the length of a cardiac cycle?

A

Start of P wave to next P wave

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6
Q

What is the P Wave?

A

Atrial depolarization

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7
Q

What is the QRS Complex?

A

Ventrical depolarization

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8
Q

What is the T wave?

A

Ventrical repolarization

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9
Q

What does an elevated ST Segment suggest?

A

Heart attack or just had a heart attack

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10
Q

What does an elevated ST Segment suggest?

A

Heart attack or just had a heart attack

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11
Q

What happens after depolarization?

A

Blood is being pumped out of the heart via ventricles

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12
Q

What is repolarization?

A

Ventricles are relaxing

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13
Q

What is the role of the tunica media? What is it composed of?

A

Regulate blood pressure by controlling diameter of vessel; larger and thicker in arteries; Composed of smooth muscle and elastin

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14
Q

What is the role of the tunica externa? What is it composed of?

A

Support + Protection; composed of areolar and fibrous tissue

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15
Q

What do veins have that arteries do not?

A

Valves due to little blood pressure, allowing blood to move up

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16
Q

What is the role of a capillary/

A

Meet tissue needs via diffusion

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17
Q

What is the role of an artery?

A

Carry blood away from the heart

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18
Q

What is the role of a capillary?

A

Provide for exchange of materials between blood and tissue cells; care for tissue needs

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19
Q

What is the size of the tunica intima in a vein?

A

Larger in veins due to bigger lumen

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20
Q

What is the role of a venule?

A

Connect capillary to vein

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21
Q

What is the role of an arteriole?

A

Regulates pressure in capillary, connects artery to capillary

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22
Q

What is the role of the tunica intima? What is it composed of?

A

Lines lumen of a vessel, composed of endothelium, subendothelial layer and internal elastic membrane

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23
Q

What is the role of the smooth muscle in the tunica media?

A

Controls the diameter of vessels to regulate blood flow and pressure

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24
Q

In larger vessels, what does the tunica externa contain?

A

Contains system of tiny blood vessels called vasa vasorum

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25
How does the size of arteries compare to that of veins?
Walls of arteries are thicker than veins
26
What is an elastic blood vessel? Function? Found Where?
Largest and contain more elastic tissue than other arteries; function is pressure reservoir for continuous blood flow; found in the aorta, brachiocephalic artery, common carotid artery
27
What is a muscular artery?
Distributing arteries, most numerous, less elastic
28
What is a muscular artery?
Also called a distributing artery, most numerous, has more smooth muscle, less elastic tissue
29
What is the function of a muscular artery? Where found?
Constriction (But less stretch) and distributes blood to specific areas of the body; examples: brachial and radial artery
30
Describe arterioles
Smallest type of artery, very thin tunica externa
31
What is the function of an arteriole?
Function: move blood from arterioles to capillary beds, regulate blood flow to specific areas
32
Describe capillaries
Only contain tunica intima
33
What is a venule?
Smallest type of vein
34
What is a venule's function?
Drain capillary beds and merge to form veins
35
Describe veins
Contain more fibrous tissue in tunica externa than arteries, larger lumen
36
Function of Veins
Low pressure vessels, return blood to heart, valves prevent backflow
37
Function of Veins
Low pressure vessels, return blood to heart, valves prevent backflow
38
What is the largest artery in the body? What are the 3 main regions?
Aorta; ascending, aortic arch, descending
39
What makes up the aortic arch?
brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
40
What does the brachiocephalic arch split into?
right common carotid and right subclavian
41
What vein is commonly used to draw blood for medical tests?
median cubital vein
42
What is hepatic portal circulation?
Drains digestive viscera, spleen and pancreas; delivers blood to liver via hepatic portal vein
43
How is the hepatic portal vein formed?
Union of splenic and superior mesenteric vein
44
Ascending aorta branches and what they serve
right and left coronary arteries; serve myocardium of the heart
45
Structures Served by Brachiocephalic Trunk
Right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery
46
Structures served by right common carotid artery
right side of head and neck
47
Structures Served by Left Common Carotid Artery
Left side of the head and neck
48
Structures served by Left subclavian artery
left upper limb
49
What does the celiac trunk branch into?
Left gastric artery, splenic artery, common hepatic artery
50
Structures served by left gastric artery
stomach and esophogus
51
structures served by splenic artery
pancreas, stomach, spleen
52
Superior Mesenteric Artery
Most of small intestine and first part of large intestine
53
Common Iliac Arteries
pelvic organs, lower abdominal wall and lower limb
54
Renal Arteries
Kidneys
55
External Iliac Artery
Anterior abdominal wall and lower limb; transitions to femoral artery
56
Femoral Arteries
head and neck of femu, hamstring, quads, adductors
57
Popliteal Arteries
Continuation of the femoral artery, serves leg, ankle and foot
58
Anterior Tibial Arteries
division of popliteal
59
Posterior Tibial Arteries
division of popliteal, flexor muscles
60
Dorsal Pedis Arteries
supplies dorsum of the foot
61
Arcuate Artery
Continuation of dorsal pedis, issues dorsal metatarsal arteries
62
Metatarsal Arteries
issued by arcuate artery, serves metatarsus of the foot
63
Common Hepatic Artery
Liver, Stomach, Pancreas Gullblader
64
Radial Artery
Forearm and hand
65
Brachial Artery
biceps, triceps, coracobracialis muscle
66
Axillary Arteries
upper limb, axilla, lateral thorax
67
Lobar Arteries
division of pulmonary arteries, form arterioles in lungs
68
Pulmonary Arteries
carry blood to lungs
69
Pulmonary Trunk
Branches into left and right pulmonary arteries
70
Coronary Arteries
Branches of the ascending aorta
71
Pulmonary Veins
return blood to left atrium of heart
72
Superior Vena Cava
Formed by the uniting of the brachiocephalic veins
73
Brachiocephalic Veins
drain head, neck and upper extremities; unite to form superior vena cava
74
Axillary Veins
arm, axilla, chest wall
75
Brachial Veins
drain lateral aspect of arm and forearm
76
Cephalic Veins
palm of hand, and upper limbs
77
Radial Vein
Drain deep structures of hand, lateral forearm and elbow join
78
Ulnar Vein
Medial aspect of forearm
79
Inferior Vena Cava
Transports deoxygenated blood from below diaphragm back to heart - abdomen and lower extremities
80
coronary sinus
collection of veins located along posterior surface of heart between L + R atrium; collects majority o cardiac blood
81
Common Illiac Vein
Forms in abdomen, divides into internal and external illiac veins
82
Internal Illiac Vein
visceral organs in the pelvic region
83
External Iliac Vein
Connects to femoral vein
84
Hepatic Portal Vein
carries blood to liver from gastrointestinal tract, gall bladder, pancreas and spleen
85
Femoral Vein
lower body
86
Tibial Vein
sole of foot, ankle joint and posterior of leg
87
dorsal pedis veins
dorsal surface of foot

Anatomy & Physiology II - Lab (12 decks)

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