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Language Of Medicine > Chapter 19 Cancer Medicine > Flashcards

Chapter 19 Cancer Medicine Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Adjuvant chemotherapy

A

Assist primary treatment

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2
Q

Alkalizing agent

A

Synthetic chemicals containing alkyd groups that attack DNA

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3
Q

Anaplasia

A

Loss of differentiation of cells

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4
Q

Angiogenis

A

Process of forming new blood vessels

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5
Q

Antibiotics

A

Chemicals produced by bacteria or primitive plants inhibit growth of cells

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6
Q

Antimetabolites

A

Chemicals that prevent cell division; inhibit formation of substances need to make DNA

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7
Q

Antimiotic

A

Drugs that block cell division

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8
Q

Apoptosis

A

Programmed cell death

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9
Q

Benign tumor

A

Noncancerous growth

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10
Q

Biological respons modifier

A

Produced by normal cells; directly block tumor growth or simulate immune system to fight cancer

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11
Q

Biological therapy

A

Use of th body’s own defenses to destroy tumors cells

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12
Q

Brachytherapy

A

Use of radiation placed directly on or within the cancer

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13
Q

Carcinogens

A

Agents that cause cancer

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14
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cancerous tumor made up of cells of epithelial origins

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15
Q

Cellular onogenes

A

Pieces of DNA, activated mutations or dislocation, that can cause a normal cell to become malignant

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16
Q

Chemotherapy

A

Treatment with drugs

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17
Q

Combination chemotherapy

A

Use of several chemotherapeutic agents together in treatment of tumors

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18
Q

Dedifferentation

A

Loss of differentiation cells

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19
Q

DNA deoxyribonucleic acid

A

Genetic material withi nucleus of a cell, control cell division and protein synthesis

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20
Q

Differentiation

A

Specialization of cells

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21
Q

Electron beams

A

Low energy beams of radiation for treatment of skin or surface tumors

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22
Q

Encapsulated

A

Surrounding by a capsule; benign tumors are encapsulated

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23
Q

External beam irradiation

A

Applying radiation to a tumor from a source outside the body

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24
Q

Fields

A

dimension of body areas undergoing irradiation

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25
Fractionation
Giving radiation in small repeated doses
26
Genetic screening
Testing family members to determine if they have inherited a cancer-causing gene
27
Grading tumors
Evaluating the degree of maturity of tumors cells
28
Gray
Unit of absorbed radiation dose
29
Gross description of tumors
Visual appearance of tumors to the naked eye
30
Infiltrative
Extending beyond normal tissue boundaries into adjacent tissues
31
Invasive
Having the ability to enter and destroy surrounding tissue
32
Irradiation
Exposurevto any dorm of radiant energy such as light, heat, or xrays
33
Linear accelerator
Large electronic device that produces high-energy x-ray beams for treatment of deep seated tumors
34
Malignant tumor
Tumors having the characteristics of continuous growth, invasiveness and metastasis
35
Mesenchymal
Embryonic connective tissue
36
Metastasis
Spead of tumor to a secondary site
37
Microscopic description of tumors
Appearance of tumors when viewed under a microscope
38
Mitosis
Replication of cells
39
Mixed tissue tumors
Tumors composed of different types of tissue
40
Modality
Method of treatment,such as surgery, chemotherapy, or irradiation
41
Molecular targeted therapy
Anticancer drugs designed to block the function of growth factor, their receptors, and signaling pathways in specific tumor cells
42
Morbidity
Condition of being unwell
43
Mucinous
Containing mucus
44
Mutation
Change in DNA may be spontaneous or caused by chemicals radiation or viruses
45
Neoplasm
New growth
46
Nucleotide
Unit of DNA composed of a sugar, phosphate and a base
47
Oncogene
Region of DNA in tumor cell or in viruses that cause cancer
48
Palliative
Relieving, but not curing
49
Pendunculated
Possessing a stalk or stem
50
Photon therapy
Radiation therapy using energy in the form of x-rays or gamma rays
51
Protocol
Detailed plan for treating illness
52
Proton therapy
Use of proton produced by cyclotron to depositva dose of radiation at a tightly focused point in the body
53
Radiation
Energy carried by a stream of particles
54
Radiocurable tumor
Tumor that is destroyed by radiation therapy
55
Radioresistant tumor
Tumor that requires large doses of radiation to be destroyed
56
Radiosensitive tumor
Tumor in which radiation can cause the death of xells without serious damage to surrounding tissue
57
Radiosensitizera
Drugs that increase the sensitivity of tumors to x-rays
58
Radio therapy
Treatment of tumors using doses of radiation
59
Relapse
Recurrence of tumor after treatment
60
Relapse
Recurrence of tumor after treatment
61
Remission
Partial or complete disappearance of symptoms of disease
62
Ribonucleic acid RNA
Cellular substance that represents a copy of DNA; directs formation of new proteins inside cells
63
Sarcoma
Cancerous tumor derived from connective or flesh tissue
64
Serous
Having the appearance of a thin watery fluid
65
Sessile
Having no stem
66
Simulation
Study using CT scan or MRI to map treatment before RT is given
67
Solid tumor
Timor composed of a mass of cells
68
Staging of tumor
System of evaluating the extent of spread of tumor
69
Stereotactic radiosurgery
Delivery of dose of radiatiob under stereotactic guidance
70
Steroids
Complex, naturally occurring chemicals derived from cholesterol
71
Surgical procedures to treat cancer
Methods of removing cancerous tissue
72
Viral oncogenes
Pieces of DNA from viruses that infect a normal cell and cause it to become malignant
73
Virus
Infectious agent thar reproduces by entering a host cell and uses the cwlls genetic material to copy itself

Language Of Medicine (14 decks)

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