chapter 19 review Flashcards
1
Q
national assembly
A
- formed in phase I of the revolution (1789-1791)
- represented the people of france
2
Q
jacobins
A
- group of radicals who created the national convention
- most radical and ruthless of the political groups
- instituted the terror under Robspierre
3
Q
committee of public safety
A
- headed by robspierre to keep france safe at home and abroad
- helped deal with threats of france
- included 12 members who had absolute power and battled to save the revolution
- they prepared france for war and required citizens to contribute to war efforts
4
Q
directory
A
- 5 men
- elected by male citizens who owned property
- formed during phase III of the revolution (1794-1799)
5
Q
continental system
A
- put in place to blockade british ports
- foreign policy of napolean
6
Q
battle of waterloo
A
- the battle on june 18, 1815 after napolean’s return where he was crushed by great brittain and prussia
- napoleon’s failure
- lasted 100 days
- crushed by great britain and prussia
7
Q
st. helena
A
- place where napoleon was forced to go into exile
- located in south atlantic
- island where napolean was exiled to and later died at
8
Q
tricolor
A
- white - clergy
- red - nobility
- blue - bourgeoisie
9
Q
sans-culottes
A
- lower class radicals of the french revolution
- the common people of the lower class
- they became radical or militant patrons of the french revolution
10
Q
cahiers
A
- notebooks which listed grivances
11
Q
bourgeoisie
A
the middle class
12
Q
emigres
A
people who flee their own country due to political reasons
13
Q
ancien regime / estate system
A
- old order
- everyone in france belonged to one of the 3 classes:
- 1st estate - made up of the clergy church
- 2nd estate - nobility
- 3rd estate - lower class working people
14
Q
reasons king louis XVI called estates general in 1789
A
- france was near bankruptcy
- bread riots were spreading
- nobels who were fearful of taxes were denouncing royal tyranny
- he was pretty much forced by the people
15
Q
early moves by the national assembly (what did these do)
A
- represented the people of france
- invited other delegates from the other estates to help write a constitution
- march on versailles
16
Q
civil constitution of clergy
A
- the state controlled church
- subordinated the catholic church to the french government
17
Q
reasons for the execution of king louis XVI and marie antoinette
A
King Louis:
- he was a traitor to france
- a single vote sentenced him to his death
Marie Antionette:
- also executed
- her death was celebrated in radical days
18
Q
leader of the reign of terror
A
maximillen robspierre
19
Q
napoleon’s path to becoming emperor
A
- trained for a military career
- favored the jacobins and the republicans rule
- successful general
- become a political leader
- helped overthrow the weak directory
- set up 3 man governing board - consulate
- became first consul
- acquired enough power to assume the title of emperor
20
Q
groups that supported napoleon
A
everyone (all classes)
21
Q
napoleon’s war conquests (who, where)
A
- spain
- austria
- russia
- netherlands
- belgium
- italy
- german states
22
Q
napoleon’s invasions of russia
A
- russians treated east to avoid battle
- burned crops and villages which left the french hungry and cold
- russians attacked in winter when french were weak
- lost almost all of his men due to the extreme winter
23
Q
napoleon’s legacy to france
A
- ‘the revolution on horseback’
- spread the ideas of the revolution
- sparked nationalist feeling across europe
- he created a grade system
- brought back the church
- granted freedom in the eyes of the law
24
Q
goals of congress of vienna
A
- created a lasting peace by establishing a balance of power
- protecting system of monarchy
- restore ‘the ways things were’
- ‘holy alliance’ of christian monarchs to suppress future revolutions
- prevent revival of french military power
- france accepted as an equal power
- established peace, redrew borders, contain ambitions, add belgium and luxemburg to the netherlands, prussia gained land, austria gains northern italy, and restored legitimacy
25
response to anti-revolutionaries by french society
* violent towards those who did not support the revolution
* people would be falsely accused
* kept on working
* tried and beheaded
26
napoleonic code
* all equal before law
* feudal rights ended
* trial by jury
* religious freedom
* parents have power over children
* wives only own property with husbands consent
* fathers are able to imprison children
27
reasons reign of terror didn't support he ideals of french revolution
* took away freedom of speech
* created the 3 man directory
* people still didn't get food
* killed a lot of people for no reason
28
napoleon's contribution to the ideals of the french revolution
* equality
* 4 grades
* religious tolerance
* nationalism
29
reasons congress of vienna restored to the 'old order' of france
* redrew boarders
* failed to see nationalism
* there was no other choice but they limited it
30
compare/contrast the ideals of american and french revolutions
COMPARE:
* enlightenment ideas
* natural rights - equality
* suffered social and economic hardships
* monarchs weakened
* fought agains a monarchy
* sparked because of taxes
* both won
CONTRAST:
* upper class support of revolution from france but loyalists for america
* america continued to prosper after but france was chaotic and bloody
* french was more violent
* america was fighting for independence
* america had a more significant outcome
