Chapter 19: Species Diversity in Communities

Question 1

Species supply filter from regional species pool toward local community

Answer 1

dispersal and immigration

Question 2

Abiotic filter from regional species pool toward local community

Answer 2

environmental conditions

Question 3

Biotic filter from regional species pool toward local community

Answer 3

species interactions

Question 4

Significant contributor to invasive species dispersal

Answer 4

Ballast water

Question 5

Factors affecting species dispersal like temperature and precipitation

Answer 5

Environmental conditions

Question 6

Factors affecting species dispersal like competition and mutualism

Answer 6

Species interactions

Question 7

Interactions between native and non-native species that prevent establishment of non-native species

Answer 7

Biotic resistance

Question 8

Granivores (birds) eat enough seeds of medusa head grass to stop it from invading

Answer 8

Biotic resistance example

Question 9

T/F Some species like the lucerne seed web moth caterpillars can slow but don’t completely stop the spreading of invasive species

Answer 9

True… I dropped a specific name of a moth obviously it’s true

Question 10

Can alter the ability of invasive species to pass through the 3 filters into communities

Answer 10

Climate change

Question 11

Difference in pathways and difference in environmental constraints for invasive species

Answer 11

Direct consequences of climate change

Question 12

Transportation, colonization, establishment, spread

Answer 12

Invasion pathway

Question 13

Differences in distributions, impacts, and management effectiveness (of invasive species in a community)

Answer 13

Indirect consequences

Question 14

Natural selection drives competing species to use a limited resource in different ways

Answer 14

Resource partitioning

Question 15

What effect does resource partitioning have on competition and species diversity

Answer 15

Reduces competition and increases species diversity

Question 16

Experimental evidence that resource partitioning involving 5 types of warblers feeding on separate parts of a tree

Answer 16

MacArthur’s Warblers

Question 17

Bird diversity was not proportional to plant diversity but was proportional to structural complexity of habitat

Answer 17

Just a cool fact. Learn it or don’t

Question 18

Lakes change enough over time that no one plankton species is able to out-compete the others before conditions favour another species. Reason why so many plankton species can coexist

Answer 18

Paradox of the plankton

Question 19

Time for one species to competitively exclude another

Answer 19

tc (c is subscript but you’re gonna have to imagine that one)

Question 20

Time for environmental variation to affect population growth. Reduces all populations and inhibits competitive exclusion

Answer 20

te (same deal the e should be small, shoot me)

Question 21

What is the result if tc &laquo_space;te

Answer 21

Competitive exclusion occurs before environmental conditions change

Question 22

Low disturbance allows competitive exclusion to occur, high disturbance causes extinctions, but intermediate disturbance the porridge is just right

Answer 22

Intermediate disturbance hypothesis

Question 23

When a species prevails due to chance. Ex. damselfish in great barrier reef would die and vacate a habitat allowing for any type of other damselfish to occupy it

Answer 23

Lottery model

Question 24

Abiotic and biotic processes that control community structure

Answer 24

Community functions

Question 25

T/F Species diversity does not affect community function

Answer 25

False you idiot. If you fell for that I feel bad for your poor unintelligent offspring and their souls that will be so astonishingly ill equipped to handle the struggles of this unforgiving world

Question 26

Natural processes that sustain human life (ex. air and water purification)

Answer 26

Ecosystem services

Question 27

Which hypothesis of diversity-function relationship is it that has direct correlation of species richness to ecological function

Answer 27

Complementary hypothesis

Question 28

Which hypothesis of diversity-function displays a plateau of Community Function as species' ecological function start to overlap

Answer 28

Redundancy hypothesis

Question 29

Who's experimental evidence of redundancy hypothesis showed higher drought resistance and productivity with higher diversity

Answer 29

David Tilman

Question 30

Function-diversity hypothesis that accounts for some species have stronger effect on function (ex. keystone or foundation species)

Answer 30

Idiosyncratic hypothesis