chapter 19 vocab

Question 1

konrad adenauer -

Answer 1

german chancellor under whose leadership west germany experienced an incredible recovery

Question 2

charles de gaulle -

Answer 2

president of france who established the fifth republic

Question 3

fifth republic

Answer 3

government established by charles de gaulle, president of france

Question 4

liberal democratic party

Answer 4

party that ruled japan until political scandals led the japanese to replace it with a coalition government

Question 5

marshall plan

Answer 5

distribution of funds from the united states enabled europe to rapidly rebuild and retool for a strong economic recovery

Question 6

common market

Answer 6

another name for the european economic community; an organization that promotes economic cooperation in europe

Question 7

nato

Answer 7

formed in 1949 to oppose soviet aggression

Question 8

united nations

Answer 8

organized by diplomats representing fifty nations; founded to ensure international peace

Question 9

cold war

Answer 9

political rivalry and conflict of ideas that stopped short of actual war between the us and the ussr (1945-1991)

Question 10

republic of china

Answer 10

established on the island of taiwan by chiang kai-shek

Question 11

great leap forward

Answer 11

new economic plan announced by mao zedong; inefficient and resulted in famine

Question 12

cultural revolution

Answer 12

mao zedong social and political purge that resulted in political chaos and economic upheaval for a decade

Question 13

tiananmen square

Answer 13

site of a student protest in china in 1989 that was violently ended by the military

Question 14

berlin blockade

Answer 14

the soviets blocking of all traffic through east germany into west berlin; ended due to a massive airlift of supplies by the united states and britain

Question 15

inchon

Answer 15

south korean city that was the site of a daring attack by a UN force composed of american and south korean troops

Question 16

38th parallel

Answer 16

line of latitude used to divide korea into north and south

Question 17

ho chi minh

Answer 17

vietnamese communist leader; resisted french colonialism and declared vietnam independent

Question 18

dien bien phu

Answer 18

battle in 1954 in which vietnamese communists defeated french forces

Question 19

viet cong

Answer 19

vietnamese communist agents who tried to take over south vietnam

Question 20

mad

Answer 20

contributed to american and european appeasement

Question 21

sputnik

Answer 21

first man-made satellite; launched by the soviets in 1957

Question 22

mohandas gandhi

Answer 22

led a movement known as passive resistance to achieve independence

Question 23

passive resistance

Answer 23

resisting foreign rule by nonviolent means (strikes, not paying taxes )

Question 24

third world

Answer 24

regions that remained neutral during the cold war

Question 25

balfour declaration

Answer 25

The first official recognition by a world power that the Jews needed a land to call their own

Question 26

1948 arab-israeli war

Answer 26

started when air forces from Egypt, syria, Lebanon and Iraq attacked Israel on May 14; ended a cease fire after a year of fighting

Question 27

six-day war

Answer 27

War in which Israel smashed the imminent Arab threat and seized control of several key areas that greatly enhanced Israel’s security threat and seized control of several key areas that greatly enhanced Israel security

Question 28

margaret thatcher

Answer 28

British politician who led the conservative party in great Britain to victory in 1979; and Ally Ronald Reagan during the Cold War

Question 29

ronald reagan

Answer 29

The 14th president of the United States; turned a struggling America into a political social and economic force that influenced the world

Question 30

sdi

Answer 30

space beast system that would protect America from missile attacks

Question 31

lech walesa

Answer 31

Lead and anti-communist movement that combined labor the Roman Catholic Church and Polish nationalism to oppose Soviet domination; helped achieve Polish independence

Question 32

solidarity

Answer 32

Labor movement led by lech walesa to help achieve Polish independence

Question 33

nikita khrushchev

Answer 33

ruled by the Soviet Union following Stalin’s death; was voted out of office when his policies became unpopular

Question 34

mikhail gorbachev

Answer 34

emerged as the leader of the Soviet Union in 1985; assumed power without violence or opposition