Chapter 1A Matter and Measurements

Question 1

What are the steps to the scientific method?

Answer 1

Question, Research, Hypothesis, Procedure/method, Data, observation and conclusion

Question 2

What is chemistry often referred to as?

Answer 2

The Central Science

Question 3

Chemistry

Answer 3

The study of matter and the changes it undergoes

Question 4

Matter

Answer 4

Anything that has mass and takes up space(has volume)

Question 5

What is matter made up of?

Answer 5

atoms, molecules and ions

Question 6

Physical change

Answer 6

A change in the physical properties or phases that do not change the composition of the substance

Question 7

Chemical change

Answer 7

a change in the composition of the substance as a result of a chemical reaction

Question 8

What are the three states of matter?

Answer 8

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Question 9

What is the fourth state of matter?

Answer 9

Plasma but it only exists in space

Question 10

What are the characteristics of a solid?

Answer 10

Definite shape, Definite volume, Particles are closely packed, strong forces of attraction between particles and incompressable

Question 11

What are the characteristics of a Liquid?

Answer 11

No definite shape, Definite volume, Particles are close but can move freely, held together by moderate force of attraction and is incompressible

Question 12

Characteristics of a Gas

Answer 12

No definite shape or volume, very weak forces of attraction between particles, particles constantly moving and are compressable

Question 13

Pure substance

Answer 13

Matter with a definite, fixed composition that can be described.

Question 14

Mixture

Answer 14

A material composed of 2 or more substances that can be separated by physical means. Mixtures may be homogeneous or heterogeneous.

Question 15

Homogeneous

Answer 15

A substance that has uniform composition throughout the sample.

Question 16

What type of mixture is salt water?

Answer 16

homogeneous

Question 17

Heterogeneous

Answer 17

A substance whose composition varies – all parts are not the same.

Question 18

Sand in water is what type of mixture?

Answer 18

heterogeneous

Question 19

Atom

Answer 19

The simplest form of matter (a/k/a) the building blocks of all matter.

Question 20

Element

Answer 20

A group of the same kind of atom. All matter is composed of one or more elements. There are currently 116 known elements.

Question 21

Compound

Answer 21

Two or more elements chemically combined

Question 22

How can compounds be decomposed into simpler substances?

Answer 22

only a chemical change

Question 23

Are pure compounds heterogeneous or homogeneous?

Answer 23

homogeneous

Question 24

Molecule

Answer 24

The smallest sample of a compound that still retains the properties of that compound

Question 25

Reactants

Answer 25

One or more starting materials.

Question 26

Products

Answer 26

One or more substances formed as a result of a | chemical reaction

Question 27

What are the properties of metals?

Answer 27

usually gray or silver, has luster, malleable, ductile, solid at room temp, good conductors of heat and energy

Question 28

Al

Answer 28

aluminum

Question 29

Ar

Answer 29

Argon

Question 30

Ba

Answer 30

Barium

Question 31

Bi

Answer 31

Bismuth

Question 32

B

Answer 32

Boron

Question 33

Br

Answer 33

Bromine

Question 34

Ca

Answer 34

Calcium

Question 35

C

Answer 35

carbon

Question 36

Cl

Answer 36

chlorine

Question 37

Co

Answer 37

cobalt

Question 38

F

Answer 38

Fluorine

Question 39

He

Answer 39

Helium

Question 40

H

Answer 40

Hydrogen

Question 41

I

Answer 41

Iodine

Question 42

Li

Answer 42

Lithium

Question 43

Mg

Answer 43

Magnesium

Question 44

Mn

Answer 44

Manganese

Question 45

Ni

Answer 45

Nickel

Question 46

N

Answer 46

Nitrogen

Question 47

O

Answer 47

oxygen

Question 48

P

Answer 48

Phosphorus

Question 49

Pt

Answer 49

Platinum

Question 50

Rn

Answer 50

Radon

Question 51

Si

Answer 51

Silicon

Question 52

S

Answer 52

Sulfur

Question 53

Ti

Answer 53

Titanium

Question 54

Zn

Answer 54

Zinc

Question 55

Cu

Answer 55

copper

Question 56

Au

Answer 56

Gold

Question 57

Fe

Answer 57

iron

Question 58

Pb

Answer 58

Lead

Question 59

Hg

Answer 59

Mercury

Question 60

K

Answer 60

potassium

Question 61

Ag

Answer 61

Silver

Question 62

Na

Answer 62

Sodium

Question 63

Sn

Answer 63

Tin

Question 64

Diatomic molecules

Answer 64

travel in pairs H2 Seven: N2, O2, F2 Cl2 Br2 I2

Question 65

3/4 of all elements are

Answer 65

metals

Question 66

Properties of a metal

Answer 66

``` Usually grey or silver in color Has luster Malleable Ductile Solid at room temp. Good conductors of heat and electricity ```

Question 67

What two metals are not grey or silver in color?

Answer 67

Gold and copper

Question 68

What metal is a liquid at room temp?

Answer 68

Mercury

Question 69

Properties of a nonmetal

Answer 69

Lack luster Are brittle Many be solids or gases Poor conductors of heat and electricity

Question 70

What nonmetal is a corrosive, red liquid?

Answer 70

Bromine

Question 71

Whats the most reactive nonmetal?

Answer 71

fluorine

Question 72

What nonmetal constitutes 80% of air and is colorless gas at room temp?

Answer 72

Nitrogen

Question 73

What nonmetal is a yellow solid and is found underground?

Answer 73

Sulfur

Question 74

What are the Metalloids

Answer 74

There are seven metalloids (they sit on or under the “staircase”): B, Si, As, Te, At, Ge, Sb.

Question 75

Metric unit for mass

Answer 75

(g)

Question 76

Metric unit for Length

Answer 76

(m)

Question 77

Metric unit for Volume

Answer 77

L

Question 78

Best thing to measure liquid?

Answer 78

graduated cylinder

Question 79

What does luster mean?

Answer 79

reflects light

Question 80

Malleable

Answer 80

doesn't break

Question 81

Ductile

Answer 81

able to be stretched into a wire

Question 82

M

Answer 82

Mega 1,000,000(Mega millions jackpot) 10 to the 6th

Question 83

k

Answer 83

Kilo 1,000 or 10 to the 3

Question 84

c

Answer 84

Centi | 1/100 or 10 to the -2

Question 85

m

Answer 85

milli 1/1000 or 10 to the -3

Question 86

Mass

Answer 86

The amount of matter in a substance (never changes).

Question 87

Weight

Answer 87

: A measure of Earth’s gravity on a body.

Question 88

1kg =

Answer 88

1000g

Question 89

1m=

Answer 89

100cm

Question 90

1m=

Answer 90

1000mm

Question 91

Giga

Answer 91

= to one billion