Chapter 2

Question 1

Matter

Answer 1

Has mass and occupies space/Composed of atoms

Question 2

Atomic # equals…

Answer 2

Number of protons

Question 3

Mass

Answer 3

Amount of substance

Question 4

Cation

Answer 4

More protons than electrons

Question 5

Anion

Answer 5

Less protons than electrons

Question 6

Isotopes

Answer 6

Elements that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 7

Oxidation

Answer 7

Loss of an electron

Question 8

Reduction

Answer 8

Gain of an electron

Question 9

Octet Rule

Answer 9

Atoms with full outer energy levels (ex. noble gases)

Question 10

4 elements that make up the human body

Answer 10

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen

Question 11

Ionic Bonds

Answer 11

The attraction of oppositely charged ions (Electron transfer-atom that loses electrons is positive while atom that gains is negative)

Question 12

Covalent Bonds

Answer 12

Atoms share 2 or more valence electrons

Question 13

Non Polar Covalent Bonds

Answer 13

equal sharing of electrons

Question 14

Polar Covalent Bonds

Answer 14

unequal sharing of electrons

Question 15

Reactants

Answer 15

OG molecules

Question 16

Products

Answer 16

Molecules resulting from reaction

Question 17

Chemical reactions can be influenced by (3)

Answer 17

Temp
catalysts
the concentration of reactants and products

Question 18

Cohesion (latin for stick)

Answer 18

being mutually attracted to one another: Water is attracted to water

Question 19

Adhesion

Answer 19

Firm attachment: Water is attached to other stuff

Question 20

Solid water is less dense than..

Answer 20

liquid water

Question 21

Acid

Answer 21

Any substance in water that dissociates in water: Increases H+ and lowers pH!!

Question 22

Base

Answer 22

Substance combines with H+, dissolves in water: lowers H+

Question 23

pH scale

Answer 23

0-6 is acidic and 7-14 is basic

Question 24

Buffers

Answer 24

Substance that resists change in pH