Chapter 2 Flashcards
Frequency Distribution
shows how a data set is partitioned among all of several categories by listing all of the categories along with the number of data values in each of them.
Lower Class Limit
the smallest numbers that can actually belong to different classes
Upper Class Limits
the largest numbers that can actually belong to different classes
Class Boundaries
numbers used to separate classes, but without the gaps created by class limits
Class Midpoints
Values in the middle of the classes and can be found by adding the lower class limit to the upper limit and dividing by two
Class Width
Difference between two consecutive lower class limits or two consecutive lower class boundaries
Relative Frequency Distribution
Includes the same class limits as a frequency distribution, but the frequency of a class is replaced with a relative frequency (%)
Histogram
A graph of bars of equal width drawn adjacent to each other. X values the classes of quantitative data. Y values represent the frequencies.
Scatterplot
a plot of a paired (x,y) quantitative data with a horizontal x-axis and a vertical y-axis
Time series graph
Data that have been collected at different points in time
Pie Chart
graph depicting qualitative data as slices of a circle, in which the size of each slice is proportional to frequency count.
Frequency Polygon
Uses line segments connected to points directly above class midpoint values.
Ogive
a line graph that depicts cumulative frequencies
Nonzero Axis
Graphs can be misleading, because one or both of the axes begin at some value other than zero so that differences are exaggerated, Skewes perception
Pictographs
Drawings of objects to represent data, allows the audience to process it beyond raw data, but can distort perceptions of the data.
