chapter 2

Question 1

Is the use of evidence to construct testable explanations and predictions of natural phenomena, as well as the knowledge generated through this process.

Answer 1

Science

Question 2

is a fact, occurrence, circumstance, or process that can be observed.

Answer 2

phenomenon

Question 3

This process of putting scientific knowledge to practical use

Answer 3

applied science.

Question 4

a controlled situation that allows a scientist or researcher to determine what causes a change to occur.

Answer 4

expirmement

Question 5

The results of these types of food experiments are recipes. In the food industry,

Answer 5

Formulations

Question 6

repeatable

Answer 6

Replica

Question 7

a measure of the quantity of matter.

Answer 7

mass

Question 8

the mass of 1 cubic centimeter

Answer 8

Gram

Question 9

the mass of 1 liter of water at 4°C (39°F). One kg equals 1,000 g.

Answer 9

Kilogram

Question 10

the measure of the force of gravity between two objects.

Answer 10

Weight

Question 11

to adjust a measuring instrument to a standard. To calibrate an electronic balance, you measure a standard mass first.

Answer 11

Calibrate

Question 12

the distance between two points. This measurement allows you to evaluate the size of objects.

Answer 12

Length

Question 13

The standard unit of length in the metric system is the meter (m). One meter is equal to 39.37 inches

Answer 13

Meter

Question 14

the amount of space occupied by an object.

Answer 14

Volume

Question 15

The metric unit for measuring fluid volume

Answer 15

Liter

Question 16

a deep, wide-mouthed container with a pouring lip used to hold substances during experiments.

Answer 16

Beaker

Question 17

a fl at-bottomed, cone-shaped container used to mix and hold liquids.

Answer 17

Erlenmeyer flask

Question 18

a tall container used to accurately measure the volume of liquids to the nearest milliliter.

Answer 18

Graduated cylinder

Question 19

a graduated glass tube with a control valve at the bottom.

Answer 19

Buret

Question 20

The narrower a container is, the more obvious this curve will be. The meniscus is caused by liquid clinging to the sides of a container.

Answer 20

Meniscus.

Question 21

0.01 of the difference between the boiling and freezing points of water.

Answer 21

Celsius degree

Question 22

a system of steps used to solve problems. Scientists throughout the world use this method.

Answer 22

scientific method

Question 23

a possible or tentative solution to a problem. It is an educated guess based on available evidence.

Answer 23

Hypothesis

Question 24

an established explanation that accounts for known facts or phenomena.

Answer 24

Theory

Question 25

are theories that are widely accepted as explaining and predicting phenomena in the same way under the same circumstances.

Answer 25

Laws

Question 26

a factor that is being changed.

Answer 26

Variable

Question 27

the standard against which you measure all changes.

Answer 27

Control

Question 28

Each change made in an experiment

Answer 28

Variation

Question 29

measurable facts that are collected during an experiment.

Answer 29

Data

Question 30

analyzes and applies data.

Answer 30

Conclusion

Question 31

Foods and beverages supply vitamins, minerals, and other healthful substances with relatively few calories.

Answer 31

Nuntrient-dense

Question 32

When the results of several individual studies are pooled to yield overall conclusions,

Answer 32

Meta-analysis.

Question 33

1. Be serious 2. Put hair up 3. Be cautsious around heated glass 4. Protect eyes, skin, and clothing from chemicals and acids. 5. Hot glass looks the same as cold Gas 6. Mix chemical only when Instructed 7. Dispose of Chemicals properly 8. Plan time for lab cleanup 9. Follow the Lab rules and expirments exactly

Answer 33

Lab Rules