Chapter 2

Question 1

Hypothesis

Answer 1

a proposition, or set of propositions, set forth as an explanation for the occurrence of something

Question 2

Repicability

Answer 2

If a study is made, same result has to happen every time in order to be valid

Question 3

Operational Definition

Answer 3

Exact procedure used in a study

Question 4

Population

Answer 4

EVERYONE

Question 5

Representative Sample

Answer 5

Your sample matches society

Question 6

Random Sample

Answer 6

Random participants

Question 7

Cross Cultural Sample

Answer 7

How cultural factors influence behavior

Question 8

Experimenter Bias

Answer 8

Bias towards the result expected

Question 9

Blind Study

Answer 9

Participants don’t know what is being measured

Question 10

Blind Observer

Answer 10

Experiment in which information is lead to bias

Question 11

Double Blind Study

Answer 11

Experimenter and participants don’t know what is being measured

Question 12

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 12

Watching behavior in natural setting

Question 13

Case History

Answer 13

study of ONE individual usually over a period of time

Question 14

Surveys

Answer 14

Questionarie asks people about certain topic

Question 15

Controlled Experiment

Answer 15

Control group

Question 16

Correlation

Answer 16

Show of relationship between two variables

Question 17

Correlational study

Answer 17

used when you want to take a look at variables and see if they have any relationship

Question 18

Correlational Coefficient

Answer 18

Measure of how strong two variables are related. Goes from -1 to +1 and is shown in scatterplot

Question 19

Dependent Variable

Answer 19

Stays same. Measurable variable

Question 20

Independent variable

Answer 20

Manipulated

Question 21

Random Assignment

Answer 21

Random participants

Question 22

Control Group

Answer 22

Does not receive Independent variable

Question 23

Experimental group

Answer 23

Receives independent variable

Question 24

Informed consent

Answer 24

Approved by APA

Question 25

Mean

Answer 25

Average

Question 26

Median

Answer 26

Middle

Question 27

Mode

Answer 27

Most repeated

Question 28

Standard deviation

Answer 28

How much variation exists from the mean

Question 29

Inferential statistic

Answer 29

trying to reach conclusions that extend beyond the immediate data alone.

Question 30

Reliability

Answer 30

consistency of a measure

Question 31

Hind Sight Bias

Answer 31

"I knew it all along" people look for evidence or support

Question 32

False Consensus Effect

Answer 32

people overestimate how many agree with them

Question 33

Placebo

Answer 33

"Fake" variable

Question 34

Scatter Plot

Answer 34

Shows how strong is correlation

Question 35

Illusory correlation

Answer 35

Appears to be strong correlation but not really one

Question 36

Statistical significance

Answer 36

degree to which a result cannot reasonably be attributed to the operation of chance or random factors alone Psychology Dictionary: http://psychologydictionary.org/statistical-significance/#ixzz2ckHzf2BX

Question 37

Kenneth Clark

Answer 37

first black Ph. D recipient in Columbia University history

Question 38

Daniel Kahneman

Answer 38

an Israeli-American psychologist and winner of the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He is notable for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making, behavioral economics and hedonic psychology.

Question 39

James Randi

Answer 39

known for his challenges to paranormal claims and pseudoscience

Question 40

Amos Tversky

Answer 40

cognitive and mathematical psychologist, a pioneer of cognitive science