Chapter 2 Flashcards
(126 cards)
1
Q
Periodic Table–Main-Group Elements
A
IA, IIA and IIIA-VIIIA
631 × 296 - chemistry.tutorcircle.com
1
Q
Reverse
Atoms are not created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
A
Conservation of Mass
2
Q
Reverse
one- or two-letter notation used to represent an atom corresponding to a particular element.
A
Atomic Symbol
3
Q
Reverse
di-
A
Greek Prefix 2
4
Q
Cation
A
An atom that loses an electron and becomes a positively charged ion.
4
Q
Reverse
Non-Metal with Non-Metal
A
Molecular Compound
(Covalent Bonding)
5
Q
Metal Charges 2A
A
+2 Metal Charge
5
Q
Greek prefix 7
A
hepta-
6
Q
Periodic Table – Gasses
A
Group 8A
6
Q
Hydrocarbon
A
compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon
6
Q
Greek prefix 10
A
deca-
7
Q
Reverse
4 types
M-NM; KCl
M-Poly; Na_NO3_
Poly-NM; _NH4_Cl
Poly-Poly; NH4 NO3
-ide sufix
A
Naming Ionic compounds
8
Q
Periodic Table–Alkaline Earth Metals
A
Group 2A
8
Q
Reverse
Group 1A
A
Periodic Table–Alkaline Metals
8
Q
Reverse
an Ion consisting of two or more atoms chemically bonded together and carrying a net electric charge
A
Polyatomic Ion
8
Q
Reverse
tetra-
A
Greek prefix 4
9
Q
Metal Charges 1A
A
+1 Metal Charge
10
Q
Reverse
The Nuclear Model–The nucleus of an atom accounts for most of the atom’s mass but very little of its size.
A
In 1911, Geiger and Marsden (under Rutherford) created what model of the atom?
11
Q
Greek prefix 5
A
Penta-
12
Q
Periodic Table–Alkaline Metals
A
Group 1A
13
Q
Periodic Table–Metals
A
To the Left of the Dividing Line (Not Metalloids)
14
Q
Reverse
An atom taht picks up an extra electron and becomes a negatively charged ion.
A
Anion
15
Q
Reverse
When two elements form more than one compound, the masses of one element in these compounds for a fixed mass of the other element are in ratios of small whole numbers. i.e. 1g C and 1.3321g O and 2.6642g O. 2.6642/1.3321=2 -> 2:1 ratio
A
Dalton– Law of Multiple Proportions
16
Q
Reverse
Group 7A
A
Periodic Table – Halogens
17
Molecular (Covalent) Naming
1. Name first element
2. -ide suffix
3. Attach Greek prefix
17
18
# Reverse
Ion formed from a single atom
ie. Copper(I)
Copper(II)
Mercury(II) Hg2+
Monatomic Ion
20
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define Atomic Theory
An explanation of the structure of matter in terms of different combinations of very small particles
21
# Reverse
deca-
Greek prefix 10
22
# Reverse
+1 Metal Charge
Metal Charges 1A
23
# Define Alkali Metals
Soft metals that react easily with water
(Not including H - Hydrogen)
24
# Reverse
-3 Metal Charge
Metal Charges 5A
24
# Reverse
molelcular compound that yields hydrogen ion, H+ and an oxoanion.
Acid
26
Fractional Abundance equation
Ave Atomic Mass = Sum (Isotopic Mass x %/100)
27
# Reverse
Metal with Non-Metal
Ionic Compouds
29
Fractional Abundance
The fraction of the total number of atoms that is composed of a particular isotope.
30
Greek prefix 6
hexa-
31
# Reverse
CuSO4\*5H2O
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
Naming Hydrates
32
Ionic Compouds
Metal with Non-Metal
32
# Reverse
Soft metals that react easily with water
(Not including H - Hydrogen)
# Define Alkali Metals
32
33
# Reverse
Right of the Dividing Line
Periodic Table--Non Metals
34
Naming Ionic compounds
4 types
M-NM; KCl
M-Poly; Na_NO3_
Poly-NM; _NH4_Cl
Poly-Poly; _NH4_ _NO3_
-ide sufix
35
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define Chemical Reaction
The rearrangement of the atoms present in the reacting substances to give new chemical combinations present in the substances formed by the reaction. (Conservation of mass--atoms are not created, destroyed or broken into smaller particles by any chemical reaction.)
35
# Reverse
Group 2A
Periodic Table--Alkaline Earth Metals
36
# Reverse
An atom that loses an electron and becomes a *positively charged ion*.
Cation
36
# Reverse
hexa-
Greek prefix 6
37
What were the results of the the Geiger/Marsden experiments?
Most alpha particles passed through metal foil as though nothing were there, but a few scattered at large angles and almost backwards.
38
Metal Charges 6A
-2 Metal Charge
38
Metal Charges 7A
-1 Metal Charge
39
# Reverse
These scientist observed the effect of bombarding gold foil (& other metals) with alpha radiation from radioactive substances such as uranium.
In 1911, Geiger and Marsden (under Rutherford) conducted what experiment?
41
Polyatomic Ion
an Ion consisting of two or more atoms chemically bonded together and carrying a net electric charge
42
Metal Charges 5A
-3 Metal Charge
44
Periodic Table--Metalloids
Elements surrounding Dividing Line
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45
Periodic Table - Inner Transition Metals
Two rows at bottom of Periodic Table
[![]()](http://www.google.com/imgres?safe=off&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&channel=fflb&biw=1230&bih=665&tbm=isch&tbnid=nymm19LPX9G14M:&imgrefurl=http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Inorganic_Chemistry/Electronic_Configurations&docid=H__Ipoxc_KamoM&imgurl=http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/%2540api/deki/files/4226/%253DPeriodicTable2.jpg&w=1438&h=952&ei=Tt0kUpvcNJT7yAGe14CwCQ&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:2,s:0,i:91&iact=rc&page=1&tbnh=179&tbnw=270&start=0&ndsp=8&tx=74&ty=97)
46
Greek prefix 4
tetra-
47
Ion
An electrically charge particle obtained from an atom or chemically bonded group of atoms by adding or removing electrons.
48
# Reverse
To the Left of the Dividing Line (Not Metalloids)
Periodic Table--Metals
49
# Reverse
The rearrangement of the atoms present in the reacting substances to give new chemical combinations present in the substances formed by the reaction. (Conservation of mass--atoms are not created, destroyed or broken into smaller particles by any chemical reaction.)
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define Chemical Reaction
50
# Reverse
an anion containing one or more oxygen atoms bonded to another element
ie Chlorate ClO-3
Chlorite ClO-2
Oxoanion
51
# Reverse
Elements surrounding Dividing Line
631 × 296 - chemistry.tutorcircle.com
Periodic Table--Metalloids
51
# Reverse
systematic naming of chemical compounds
Chemical nomenclature
51
# Reverse
tri-
Greek prefix 3
52
53
# Reverse
octa-
Greek prefix 8
54
# Reverse
-1 Metal Charge
Metal Charges 7A
56
Hydrate
compound that contains water molecules weakly bound in its crystals
56
# Reverse
Most of the mass of an atom (99.95% or more) is concentrated in the nucleus around which negatively charged particles move. However, the nucleus occupies very little space of the atom.
What was the conclusion of the Geiger/Marsden
57
# Reverse
The fraction of the total number of atoms that is composed of a particular isotope.
Fractional Abundance
58
Periodic Table - Tansition Metals
Groups 3B - 1B or 2B
## Footnote
58
Metal Charges 4A
Neutral Metal Charge
59
# Reverse
Anion Suffix Acid Suffix
- ate -ic
- ite -ous
Naming acids
61
Naming Hydrates
CuSO4\*5H2O
Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate
62
# Reverse
An electrically charge particle obtained from an atom or chemically bonded group of atoms by adding or removing electrons.
Ion
64
Naming acids
Anion Suffix Acid Suffix
- ate -ic
- ite -ous
66
Monatomic Ion
Ion formed from a single atom
ie. Copper(I)
Copper(II)
Mercury(II) Hg2+
67
Periodic Table--Non Metals
Right of the Dividing Line
68
# Reverse
They are reactive, electropositive, divalent metals, and form basic oxides that react with water to form comparatively insoluble hydroxides.
## Footnote
# Define Alkaline Earth Metals
69
In 1911, Geiger and Marsden (under Rutherford) created what model of the atom?
The Nuclear Model--The nucleus of an atom accounts for most of the atom's mass but very little of its size.
71
Chemical nomenclature
systematic naming of chemical compounds
73
Dalton-- Law of Multiple Proportions
When two elements form more than one compound, the masses of one element in these compounds for a fixed mass of the other element are in ratios of small whole numbers. i.e. 1g C and 1.3321g O and 2.6642g O. 2.6642/1.3321=2 -\> 2:1 ratio
74
# Reverse
Group 8A
Periodic Table -- Gasses
75
# Reverse
-2 Metal Charge
Metal Charges 6A
77
# Reverse
A type of matter composed of only one kind of atom.
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define Element
78
# Define Alkaline Earth Metals
They are reactive, electropositive, divalent metals, and form basic oxides that react with water to form comparatively insoluble hydroxides.
## Footnote
79
# Reverse
+2 Metal Charge
Metal Charges 2A
81
# Reverse
Two rows at bottom of Periodic Table
[![]()](http://www.google.com/imgres?safe=off&client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&channel=fflb&biw=1230&bih=665&tbm=isch&tbnid=nymm19LPX9G14M:&imgrefurl=http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Inorganic_Chemistry/Electronic_Configurations&docid=H__Ipoxc_KamoM&imgurl=http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/%2540api/deki/files/4226/%253DPeriodicTable2.jpg&w=1438&h=952&ei=Tt0kUpvcNJT7yAGe14CwCQ&zoom=1&ved=1t:3588,r:2,s:0,i:91&iact=rc&page=1&tbnh=179&tbnw=270&start=0&ndsp=8&tx=74&ty=97)
Periodic Table - Inner Transition Metals
83
Conservation of Mass
Atoms are not created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
85
Greek Prefix
1
mono-
86
# Reverse
1. Name first element
2. -ide suffix
3. Attach Greek prefix
Molecular (Covalent) Naming
88
Atomic Symbol
one- or two-letter notation used to represent an atom corresponding to a particular element.
89
# Reverse
+3 Metal Charge
Metal Charges 3A
90
# Reverse
Penta-
Greek prefix 5
91
# Reverse
Most alpha particles passed through metal foil as though nothing were there, but a few scattered at large angles and almost backwards.
What were the results of the the Geiger/Marsden experiments?
92
Greek prefix 8
octa-
93
# Reverse
An explanation of the structure of matter in terms of different combinations of very small particles
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define Atomic Theory
94
# Reverse
Groups 3B - 1B or 2B
## Footnote
Periodic Table - Tansition Metals
95
# Reverse
Ave Atomic Mass = Sum (Isotopic Mass x %/100)
Fractional Abundance equation
96
Metal Charges 3A
+3 Metal Charge
98
# Reverse
All matter is composed of indivisible atoms. An extremely small particle of matter that retains its identity during chemical reactions.
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define an Atom
99
# Reverse
compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon
Hydrocarbon
100
Periodic Table -- Halogens
Group 7A
101
# Reverse
An element having both metallic and nonmetallic properties.
Are usually good semiconductors (poor conductors of electricity at room temp, but increase as temp increases)
# Define Metalloid or Semimetal
102
# Reverse
compound that contains water molecules weakly bound in its crystals
Hydrate
103
105
Greek prefix 9
nona-
106
# Reverse
They are reactive nonmetallic elements that form strongly acidic compounds with hydrogen, from which simple salts can be made.
# Define Halogen
107
Greek Prefix 2
di-
108
Greek prefix 3
tri-
110
Acid
molelcular compound that yields hydrogen ion, H+ and an oxoanion.
111
What was the conclusion of the Geiger/Marsden
Most of the mass of an atom (99.95% or more) is concentrated in the nucleus around which negatively charged particles move. However, the nucleus occupies very little space of the atom.
112
Molecular Compound
| (Covalent Bonding)
Non-Metal with Non-Metal
113
# Reverse
IA, IIA and IIIA-VIIIA
631 × 296 - chemistry.tutorcircle.com
Periodic Table--Main-Group Elements
114
In 1911, Geiger and Marsden (under Rutherford) conducted what experiment?
These scientist observed the effect of bombarding gold foil (& other metals) with alpha radiation from radioactive substances such as uranium.
115
# Define Halogen
They are reactive nonmetallic elements that form strongly acidic compounds with hydrogen, from which simple salts can be made.
116
# Define Metalloid or Semimetal
An element having both metallic and nonmetallic properties.
Are usually good semiconductors (poor conductors of electricity at room temp, but increase as temp increases)
117
# Reverse
hepta-
Greek prefix 7
118
# Reverse
mono-
Greek Prefix
1
119
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define Element
A type of matter composed of only one kind of atom.
120
Oxoanion
an anion containing one or more oxygen atoms bonded to another element
ie Chlorate ClO-3
Chlorite ClO-2
121
Dalton's Atomic Theory-- Define an Atom
All matter is composed of indivisible atoms. An extremely small particle of matter that retains its identity during chemical reactions.
122
# Reverse
nona-
Greek prefix 9
123
Anion
An atom taht picks up an extra electron and becomes a *negatively charged ion*.
124
# Reverse
Neutral Metal Charge
Metal Charges 4A
125
126
