Chapter 2 Flashcards
(27 cards)
what do atoms have orbiting it core?
electrons
what is the atomic number equal to?
the number of protons in an atom
what is the definition of an element?
a substance that can no longer be broken down by any chemical means
what is the chemical behavior caused by?
the amount and arrangement of electrons
what is the atomic mass equal to?
the sum of he masses of its protons and neutrons
what is the mass of atoms and other subatomic particles measured in?
daltons
where electrons located?
orbitals
what is an ion
an atom that has a number of electrons that do not equal the protons
what is a cation?
and atom with more protons, positively charged
what is an anion?
an atom with more electrons, negatively charged
all atoms of an element have the same amount of
protons
atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are
isotopes
what is radioactive decay
the break up of the nucleus into elements with lower atomic numbers
isotopes that take part in radioactive decay are called
radioactive isotopes
the rate of decay is always
constant for each given isotope
what is decay time called
half-life
what is the key to the chemical behavior of an atom
its electrons (the number and arrangement)
what is an orbital
the area where you are most likely going to find an electron
how many electrons can an orbital contain
no more than 2
what is energy
the ability to do work
what does the potential energy of an electron depend on
their position
electrons within the atom have
discrete energy levels
specific amount of energy
quantum
the loss of an electron
oxidation
