Chapter 2 Flashcards
(23 cards)
qualitative
data made by observation
quantitative
data made by numerical value
Quantity
It has size or magnitude or amount
What are the SI units for length?
meter (m)
What are the SI units for mass?
mass (kg)
What are the SI units for time?
seconds (s)
What is the derived unit for volume?
length3: cubic decimeter (dm3)
What is the derived unit for density?
mass/volume
What is a kilo?
1000
1 x 10^3
What is a centi (c)?
0.01
1 x 10^-2
What is a milli (m)?
0.001
1 x 10^-3
What is a micro?
0.000001
1 x 10^-6
accuracy
how close your measurement is to the actual value; indicated by the percent error
Precision
how close your measurements are to each other; indicated by the uncertainty
percent error
((experimental- true)/true) x 100
uncertainty
depends on measuring device; (smallest division/2)
What are the rules of measurement?
record all visible digits and estimate one more
give a number, a unit, uncertainty
What are the rules for determining significant figures?
- all non zeros
- any counted or exact number (ex: 1,000 m = 1 km)
- a zero is significant if it looks like ex: 100.
- zero sandwich: appearing between non zero significant digits
- a zero that is at the end of a number AND after the decimal
How do you multiply/divide with significant figures?
count the number of SIGFIGS in each number in the problem. The answer can only contain the lowest number of SIGFIGS
How do you add/subtract with significant figures?
count the number of DIGITS AFTER THE DECIMAL POINT in each number in the problem. The answer can only contain the lowest number of digits after the decimal
What do you do if there are not enough sig figs in the answer?
Put it in scientific notation
significant figures
a prescribed decimal place that determines the amount of rounding off to be done based on the precision of the measurement
How do you set up the conversion factors formula when converting from prefix to prefix?
Go from numerator to denominator with metric equalities
