Chapter 2 Flashcards
(55 cards)
Define WORLDVIEWS.
Set is basic assumptions a group of people develops in order to explain their reality and their place and purpose in the world.
Worldviews shape our attitudes, values, opinions, as well as the ways we think and behave.
What is another word for traditional psychology?
Mainstream psychology.
What does traditional psychology assume?
That psychological processes are fixed and “deeply hidden” within people.
What is the problem with traditional psychology when it comes to indigenous people?
Psychologists try to understand people from developing society’s by using theories developed in the West.
What is cultural colonisation?
The transfer of knowledge, opinions, beliefs, and practices from developed society’s to developING society’s.
Traditional Western Psychology is premised on an ___________ self and assumes that knowledge is ____________.
Independent.
Value-free.
Define SELF (according to traditional psychology).
It is defined in terms of internal attributes such as thoughts and emotions, independently from social and contextual factors.
In what view of the selfhood does Traditional Psychology believe in?
Self-contained individualism.
Define self-contained individualism.
The self-contained individual is stripped of any particularities that might make them different from someone else, such as gender, culture, religion, position, and existence in space and time.
Define SELF (according to indigenous society’s), also known as COLLECTIVIST/INDEPENDENT SELF.
The self is context based, and defined in terms of one’s relationships with others.
What is the collectivist self also known as?
Interdependent notion of self.
What is the traditional western approach to science?
Objective knowledge.
Define objective knowledge.
The notion that knowledge shouldn’t be affected by the knower’s values and meanings.
“The western world shifted to a materialistic and scientific position.” Define materialistic.
The theory that physical matter is the only reality, and that even thought, feelings, mind, and will, can be explained in terms of matter and physical phenomena.
This led to the view that people can be distinguished from the world and each other.
Define CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY.
The study of how cultural traditions and social practices transform the human psyche, resulting in less psychic unity.
Define PSYCHIC UNITY.
The assumption that all human beings are the same, and psychological processes are universally inherent in all individuals.
Why is the following statement FALSE?
“Cultural psychology seeks objective knowledge.”
Cultural psychology believes that psychology cannot be value-free and thus not depend on objective knowledge.
How does cultural psychology LINK with critical psychology?
- CP looks at the ways people reflect on their lived experiences.
- CP believes that all forms of psychological knowledge should be grounded in social, cultural, and historical contexts.
- CP also gives attention to indigenous conceptions of psychology.
Define LIVED EXPERIENCE.
Refers to real life, rather than theorised, hypothesised experiences.
Define Indigenous Psychologies (IP).
Cultural views, assumptions, theories, and metaphors- as well as notions embedded in social institutions - which bear in psychological topics.
What is the aim of indigenous psychology?
To address the needs of the people under investigation.
This includes poverty, illiteracy, and alienation due to globalisation.
Define INDIGENISATION.
The blend of imported foreign theoretical and methodological frameworks to be better suited to the local cultural contexts.
Indigenisation may take place at 3 levels:
Structural level = the nation’s capabilities to produce relevant knowledge.
Substantive level = applying psychology to address national policy issues e.g. health policies.
Theoretical level = seeks to develop conceptual frameworks that relate to sociocultural and worldviews of the people in question.
A proper understanding of people should begin with…
An examination of the philosophies, languages, and worldviews in which they experience the world.
