chapter 2

Question 1

what subatomic particles does an atoms nucleus consist of ?

Answer 1

protons and neutrons

Question 2

what subatomic particle occupies the region outside the nucleus arranged in shells?

Answer 2

electrons

Question 3

atoms and their subatomic particle have tiny masses instead of working in grams, what do chemists use compare the masses of subatomic particles?

Answer 3

relative mass

Question 4

what does a proton have virtually the same mass as?

Answer 4

neutron

Question 5

an electron has a negligible mass what is is in terms of a proton?

Answer 5

1/1836th the mass of a proton

Question 6

accurate measurements show that neutrons have a slightly greater mass than a proton by a factor of what? however its so close to 1 chemists usually assume equal mass.

Answer 6

1.001375

Question 7

what charge does a proton have?

Answer 7

positive

Question 8

what charge does an electron have?

Answer 8

negative

Question 9

what is the charge on a proton compared to the charge of an electron?

Answer 9

equal but opposite the charges balance

Question 10

what charge does a neutron have?

Answer 10

no charge

Question 11

what’s the actual charge of a proton and electron? buts its much easier to use relative charges of 1+ for a proton 1- for an electron.

Answer 11

+1.60217733 x 10-19C, -1.60217733 x 10-19C

Question 12

where is nearly all the atoms mass?

Answer 12

in the nucleus

Question 13

what to atoms contain the same number of?

Answer 13

protons and electrons

Question 14

what the abbreviation, relative charge, and relative mass of a proton?

Answer 14

p*+, 1+, 1

Question 15

what the abbreviation, relative charge, and relative mass of a neutron?

Answer 15

n, 0, 1

Question 16

what the abbreviation, relative charge, and relative mass of a electron?

Answer 16

e*-, 1-, 1/1836

Question 17

what is the total positive charge from protons cancelled by?

Answer 17

total negative charge of electrons

Question 18

what is the overall charge of an atom?

Answer 18

0- an atom is neutral

Question 19

neutrons can be thought as providing the glue that hold the nucleus despite what?

Answer 19

the electrostatic repulsion between its positively charged protons

Question 20

most atoms contain the same number or slightly more of what?

Answer 20

neutrons than protons

Question 21

as the nucleus gets larger more and more of what are needed.

Answer 21

neutrons

Question 22

what identifies the element?

Answer 22

the number of protons

Question 23

as of 2014, the existence of how many elements have been confirmed not including those that have been tentatively reported?

Answer 23

114

Question 24

every atom of the same element contains the same number of what?

Answer 24

protons

Question 25

different elements contain atoms that have different numbers of what?

Answer 25

protons

Question 26

what order does the periodic table list elements?

Answer 26

by the number of protons in the nucleus

Question 27

what's another way to say proton number(number of protons)?

Answer 27

atomic number

Question 28

what's an isotope?

Answer 28

atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 29

what are most elements made from?

Answer 29

mixture of isotopes

Question 30

what is the mass number?

Answer 30

number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 31

what is the atomic number?

Answer 31

number of protons

Question 32

what do chemical reactions involve?

Answer 32

electrons surrounding the nucleus

Question 33

different isotopes of the same element have the same number of what?

Answer 33

protons and electrons

Question 34

what does the number of neutrons have no effect on?

Answer 34

the reactions of an element

Question 35

different isotope of an element react..

Answer 35

in the same way

Question 36

where may there be a small difference in higher-mass isotopes?

Answer 36

higher melting point, boiling point, and density

Question 37

what isotope of hydrogen is in heavy water?

Answer 37

2, 1 H

Question 38

what is the 2,1 hydrogen isotope often referred to as and given the symbol of?

Answer 38

deuterium, D

Question 39

what the formula of heavy water?

Answer 39

D2O

Question 40

what's the melting point of heavy water?

Answer 40

3.8 d.c

Question 41

what is the boiling point of heavy water?

Answer 41

101.40 d.c.

Question 42

what’s the density of heavy water?

Answer 42

1.11 d.c.

Question 43

what’s the density of heavy water?

Answer 43

1.11 d.c.

Question 44

what gives heavy water its name?

Answer 44

it’s greater density

Question 45

what gives heavy water its name?

Answer 45

it’s greater density

Question 46

if all water was heavy water what would you see far more often?

Answer 46

ice as the water freezes at a higher temperature

Question 47

what is the third isotope of water called?

Answer 47

tritium, T

Question 48

how many neutrons does tritium contain?

Answer 48

two

Question 49

tritium forms an oxide called..

Answer 49

super-heavy water

Question 50

what’s the relative mass of H2O, D2O and T20

Answer 50

1.2 and 3

Question 51

how does the melting point, boiling point, and density of T2O differ from H2O and D2O

Answer 51

higher melting point, higher boiling point and, larger density

Question 52

what’s an ion?

Answer 52

a charged atom, the number of electrons differ from the number of protons

Question 53

what's a cations?

Answer 53

a positive ion with fewer electrons then protons.

Question 54

what's an anions?

Answer 54

a negative ion with more electrons then protons

Question 55

what do ions and atoms have the same number of and a different number of?

Answer 55

same number of protons different number of electrons