CHAPTER 2

Question 1

What is the LAW OF DEFINITE PROPORTION (aka Law of Constant Composition)?

Answer 1

all samples of a pure compound contain the same elements in the same proportions by mass

Question 2

What is the LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS?

Answer 2

When two elements react to form more than one compound
- a fixed mass of one element will react with masses of the other element in a ratio of small whole numbers

Question 3

What is a PROTON?

Answer 3

positively charged, subatomic particle
located in the nucleus
- p^+

Question 4

What is a NEUTRON?

Answer 4

uncharged, subatomic particle located in the nucleus
- n

Question 5

What is an ELECTRON?

Answer 5

negatively charged, subatomic particle of relatively low mass located outside the nucleus
- e^-

Question 6

What is an ISOTOPE?

Answer 6

atoms that contain the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Question 7

What is Z?

Answer 7

Z = ATOMIC NUMBER
- number of protons in the
of nucleus of an atom

Question 8

What is A?

Answer 8

A = MASS NUMBER
- sum of the numbers of neutrons and protons in the nucleus of an atom

Question 9

How do you find the # of NEUTRONS?

Answer 9

Z - A = # of NEUTRONS
- Atomic Number (Z) - Mass Number (A) = # of neutrons

Question 11

How do you find the ATOMIC CHARGE?

Answer 11

of protons - # of electrons