Chapter 2 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What is health status?
Health status refers to the overall condition of an individual or population’s health, based on various indicators such as life expectancy, disease prevalence, disability rates, and quality of life. It is measured using factors like physical and mental health, access to healthcare, lifestyle behaviors, and social determinants such as income, education, and environment.
What are the health status indicators?
Life expectancy, mortality, self-assessed, morbidity.
What is self-assessed health status?
Self-assessed health status is a person’s own perception of their overall health and wellbeing, usually measured through surveys or questionnaires. It reflects how individuals feel about their physical, mental, and social health based on their experiences, rather than medical diagnoses. While subjective, it is a useful indicator of general health trends in populations.
Define what life expectancy is?
Life expectancy is the average number of years a person is expected to live based on current mortality rates. It is influenced by factors such as genetics, healthcare access, lifestyle, nutrition, and environmental conditions. Life expectancy is commonly used as an indicator of a population’s overall health and quality of life.
What is morbidity?
Morbidity refers to the presence of illness, disease, or health conditions within an individual or a population. It includes both acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) conditions and is often measured through disease prevalence, incidence rates, and hospital admission data. High morbidity rates indicate a greater burden of disease within a population.
What is incidence?
Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a particular disease or health condition that occur in a specific population over a defined period of time. It is often expressed as a rate, such as the number of new cases per 1,000 or 100,000 people, and helps measure the risk of developing a disease within a population.
What is prevalence?
Prevalence refers to the total number of existing cases of a particular disease or health condition within a specific population at a given point in time or over a defined period. It includes both new and pre-existing cases and is often expressed as a proportion or rate (e.g., cases per 1,000 or 100,000 people). Prevalence provides insight into how widespread a condition is within a population.
What is mortality?
Mortality refers to the incidence of death within a population over a specific period of time. It is often measured as the mortality rate, which expresses the number of deaths per unit of population (e.g., per 1,000 or 100,000 people). Mortality is commonly used to assess the overall health of a population and the effectiveness of healthcare systems.
What is Burden of disease?
Burden of disease refers to the impact of health conditions on a population, measured in terms of both the morbidity (disease prevalence) and mortality (death rates). It combines both the years of life lost due to premature death (YLLs) and the years lived with disability (YLDs) to estimate the total impact of diseases and injuries on a population’s quality of life. The Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY) is a commonly used measure for burden of disease, quantifying the overall health loss.
What is DALY?
DALY (Disability-Adjusted Life Year) is a measure used to quantify the burden of disease.
What is YLL?
YLL (Years of Life Lost) is a measure used to quantify the number of years lost due to premature death. It is calculated by subtracting the age at death from the expected life expectancy for a person of that age. YLL helps assess the impact of early deaths on a population’s overall health and is a key component in calculating the burden of disease, particularly when combined with Years Lived with Disability (YLDs).
What is YLD?
YLD (Years Lived with Disability) is a measure used to quantify the number of years a person lives with a disability or illness, adjusted for the severity of the condition. It reflects the impact of non-fatal health outcomes on a person’s quality of life. YLD helps in assessing the burden of diseases that cause long-term disability, such as chronic conditions, mental health disorders, or injuries, and is a key component in calculating the burden of disease when combined with Years of Life Lost (YLLs).
What is psychological distress?
Psychological distress refers to emotional suffering caused by stress, anxiety, depression, or other mental health issues, affecting a person’s mental, emotional, and physical wellbeing.
What is core activity limitation?
Core activity limitation refers to difficulties a person may experience in performing basic activities of daily life, such as self-care, mobility, and communication. It reflects the extent to which a health condition or disability impacts an individual’s ability to carry out essential tasks independently.
What are the core activity limitation levels?
Core activity limitation levels range from no limitation, where individuals can perform tasks independently, to profound limitation, where individuals are completely unable to perform tasks and require full assistance. The levels reflect the severity of difficulty in performing basic activities such as self-care, mobility, and communication.
What is the rates of hospitalization?
Rates of hospitalization refer to the frequency of hospital admissions in a population, typically measured per 1,000 or 100,000 people, and help assess healthcare system utilization and the burden of disease.
