chapter 2 Flashcards
logistics information systems (9 cards)
Describe decentralised and centralised systems in supply chain management
centralized systems: data is maintained at a central location and is shared by and updated by various departments.
decentralized system. Data is maintained at the individual or departmental level.
Describe different types of centralised logistics and supply chain information systems.
1.Material requirements planning and manufacturing resource planning MRP is an information system that plans production and raw materials for future periods.
2. An ERP system is a comprehensive software package that incorporates components that integrate people, information and all business processes required for effective supply chain management.
3. ERP II include the downstream and upstream
elements in the supply chain, namely customers and suppliers
Explain the concept of Industry 4.0 and list the main factors leading thereto
industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution, is about using smart technologies like AI, robotics, and the Internet of Things (IoT) to make manufacturing and industrial processes smarter and more efficient.
factors leading to industry 4.0
Lean production
Mass customisation,
Faster production life cycles
Consolidated, timely, accurate smart data
Pressure in the market, changes in customer expectations such as quality, speedand products
Globalisation
Human-centred business
Changing demographics
Climate change
Knowledge society
Technology and innovation
Describe the concept of connected factory as a core element of Industry 4.0.
Automated and connected devices
Intelligent and configurable products
Intelligent machines and processes
Well prepared and technology-abled humans
Advanced analytics and modelling
what is a information system in the context of logistics
An information system is defined as a set of interrelated
components that collect (or retrieve), process, store and distribute information to
support the flow of goods,decision making, coordination and supply chain
management.
what are some major problems in using decentralized systems
1.Stand-alone systems containing disparate information, developed individually over time, are difficult to maintain.
2.Integration of data becomes time consuming and costly for companies.
3. Inconsistencies and duplication or omission of data can occur.
4.Lack of timely information can lead to customer dissatisfaction, loss of revenue, and damage to reputation.
5. There is high inventory variability, waste of materials and high human resource costs.
what are the benefits of using centralized systems.
- It eliminates duplication, discontinuity and redundancy of data.
- It provides access to information across all departments in real time.
- It facilitates control over various business processes.
- It increases productivity, improves inventory management, promotes quality, and reduces material and handling costs.
- It allows for effective human resources management and reduces overheads while boosting profits.
- It leads to better customer interaction, increased throughput and improved customer service.
what are the challenges with industry 4.0
Bandwidth challenges
Privacy and security
Standardization and data accuracy and quality
Human resources challenges
Costs
Expert knowledge of systems and devices.
what are some of the opportunities with industry 4.0
1.A shift from mass customisation to customer-specific, individual products with lower costs
2. Platform for real-time data at different touch points through the connection of
all systems
Smart logistics, connected warehouses, many supply chain business models
3.The visualisation of infrastructure and assets
4.A new approach to knowledge management
5.Predictive maintenance and services
