Chapter 2-4 - Atoms, ions and compounds, Amount of substance & Acids and redox

Question 1

Define Isotope

Answer 1

An atom of the same element but with a different number of neutrons.

Question 2

Relative mass of an electron

Answer 2

1/1836

Question 3

Define Orbital

Answer 3

A region around the nucleus of an atom that can hold up to 2 electrons with opposite spins.

Question 4

Equation: number of particles=

Answer 4

mol x Av. constant

Question 5

Equation: Moles=

Answer 5

mass / Mr

Question 6

Equation: conc. =

Answer 6

mol / vol

Question 7

Equation: Volume of gas (RTP)

Answer 7

mol x 24

in dm3

Question 8

Ideal gas equation

Answer 8

PV = nRT

V measured in m3

Question 9

m3 -> dm3

Answer 9

x1000

Question 10

celcius -> Kelvin

Answer 10

+ 273

Question 11

Equation: % yield =

Answer 11

Actual / theoretical x100

Question 12

Equation: Atom economy

Answer 12

Mr desired / Mr All x100

Question 13

Define Relative Atomic Mass

Answer 13

The weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12 the mass of an atom of Carbon-12

Question 14

Define Relative Isotopic Mass

Answer 14

The mass of an atom of an isotope relative to 1/12 the mass of an atom of Carbon-12

Question 15

Define Empirical Formula

Answer 15

The simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound

Question 16

Sulfate ion

Answer 16

`````2-
SO4

Question 17

Thiosulfate ion

Answer 17

``````2-
S2O3

Question 18

Tetrathionate ion

Answer 18

```````2-
S4O6

Question 19

Nitrate ion

Answer 19

`````-
NO3

Question 20

Carbonate ion

Answer 20

`````2-
CO3

Question 21

Hydrogen Carbonate ion

Answer 21

``````-
HCO3

Question 22

Permanganate ion

Answer 22

``````-
MnO4

Question 23

Dichromate ion

Answer 23

```````2-
Cr2O7

Question 24

Phosphate ion

Answer 24

`````3-
PO4

Question 25

Hydroxide ion

Answer 25

````- OH

Question 26

Ammonium ion

Answer 26

`````+ NH4

Question 27

Zinc ion

Answer 27

`````2+ Zn

Question 28

Silver ion

Answer 28

```+ Ag

Question 29

Copper ion

Answer 29

````2+ Cu

Question 30

Gold ion

Answer 30

````3+ Au

Question 31

Nitric Acid Formula

Answer 31

HNO3

Question 32

Sulfuric Acid Fomula

Answer 32

H2SO4

Question 33

Phosphoric Acid Fomula

Answer 33

H3PO4

Question 34

Ethanoic Acid Fomula

Answer 34

CH3COOH

Question 35

Sodium Hydroxide Formula

Answer 35

NaOH

Question 36

Calcium Hydroxide Formula

Answer 36

Ca(OH)2

Question 37

Ammonia Formula

Answer 37

NH3

Question 38

Define Acid

Answer 38

* Proton donor * Produces H+ ions in aqueous solution

Question 39

Define Base

Answer 39

* Proton Acceptor

Question 40

Define Alkali

Answer 40

* A soluble base * Produces OH- ions in aqueous solution

Question 41

Define Salt

Answer 41

A compound where the H+ ion in an acid is replaced by a metal ion or an ammonium ion.

Question 42

Define Strong Acid

Answer 42

Dissociates fully in water

Question 43

Define Weak Acid

Answer 43

Only dissociates partially in water

Question 44

An example of a weak acid

Answer 44

caboxylic acids

Question 45

metal + acid

Answer 45

= salt + hydrogen

Question 46

metal oxide + acid

Answer 46

= salt + water

Question 47

metal hydroxide + acid

Answer 47

= salt + water

Question 48

metal carbonate + acid

Answer 48

= salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 49

how is a salt formed?

Answer 49

H+ ion in acid replaced by metal + ion