Chapter 2

Question 1

Albany Plan of Union

Answer 1

1754 attempt to address colonial trade and unite during the French & Indian War

Question 2

Anti-federalists

Answer 2

Opposed to the new Constitution

Question 3

Articles of Confederation

Answer 3

First Constitution for USA- drafted during the revolution in 1777

Question 4

Bicameral

Answer 4

2 houses

Question 5

Commerce and slave compromise

Answer 5

1) Congress was forbidden from taxing exports

2) Congress could not regulate the slave trade for 20 years

Question 6

Charter

Answer 6

Direct control of people (2 colonies)

Question 7

Confederation

Answer 7

Power in the local states

Question 8

Connecticut or Great Compromise

Answer 8

1. Bicameral Legislature
   Representation: based on population in the lower house and equal representation in the upper house (compromise)
2. Executive- 1
3. Judiciary- Supreme Court and state courts
4. Gave co-equal powers to Central and local government (Federal)

Question 9

Constitution

Answer 9

• James Madison’s idea
• “Framers” (55) group sent to Philadelphia in 1787 summer to discuss a new constitution in secret/to revise Articles of Confederation
• 2 major plans: Virginia Plan (James Madison) & New Jersey Plan (William Patterson)

Question 10

Federalists

Answer 10

In favor of new Constitution

Question 11

Framers

Answer 11

Group of 55 delegates sent to Philadelphia- 1787 summer

Question 12

Limited government

Answer 12

Government not all powerful

Question 13

Magna Carta

Answer 13

(1215) signed by King John - established the principle that the monarchy wasn’t absolute “Constitution of the U.S. Constitution”

Question 14

New Jersey Plan

Answer 14

William Patterson

• 3 branches
• unicameral-legislature
• representation equal one vote per state
• national executive- 3 people
• national judiciary- supreme and state courts
• limited powers to the central government/shared with states- FEDERAL
• issue: representation in Legislative branch

Question 15

Petition of Right

Answer 15

(1628) signed by Charles I established the idea that even the monarch must obey

Question 16

Philadelphia Convention

Answer 16

Original purpose was to revise the Articles of Confederation
Scraped the entire thing-wrote a new constitution

Question 17

Popular sovereignty

Answer 17

Power of the people

Question 18

Proprietary

Answer 18

Direct control of the proprietor/land lord (3 colonies)

Question 19

Quorum

Answer 19

Majority

Question 20

Ratification

Answer 20

Official approval

Question 21

Representative government

Answer 21

Government should serve the will of the people

Question 22

Royal

Answer 22

Direct control of the crown (8 colonies)

Question 23

Second Continental Congress

Answer 23

1775

First time all colonies united! (1st national government) during the war for independence

Question 24

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 24

1. Slaves would be counted three-fifths of a person.

2. Must pay three-fifths of a head tax

Question 25

Unicameral

Answer 25

1 house

Question 26

Virginia Plan

Answer 26

James Madison "Father of our Constitution" - 3 separate branches - bicameral-Legislature - representation on population or the amount of $ you gave the government - national executive (1-president) - national judiciary (1- Supreme Court) - greatly increased powers for the central government (tax, regulate trade, etc) UNITARY

Question 27

Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation

Answer 27

1. No power to tax (borrow) 2. No power to regulate trade 3. No power to enforce trade 4. Amendments (change to the Articles) only with the consent of all 13 states

Question 28

Why did people oppose the new Constitution?

Answer 28

1. Too much power given to the Federal government (Feds) | 2. No Bill of Rights (people)

Question 29

Shay's Rebellion

Answer 29

Revolt against land/home foreclosures- led to violence

Question 30

Major sources of Constitution

Answer 30

Greece (democracy) Rome (republic based on law) Great Britain (limited government)

Question 31

What men favor and oppose the constitution?

Answer 31

Favor: James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson Oppose: Patrick Henry

Question 32

Who was not at the Constitutional convention? Why?

Answer 32

Patrick Henry- "smelt a rat" | John Adams and Thomas Jefferson- diplomats in Europe, etc.