Chapter 2

Question 1

What are the three points of John Dalton’s atomic theory?

Answer 1

1. Elements are composed of atoms
2. In chemical reactions, atoms move from one substance to another
3. Compounds form when atoms combine

Question 2

What is an atom?

Answer 2

The smallest particle of an element

Question 3

What are the 3 laws of chemistry?

Answer 3

1. The law of conservation of mass (rearrangement)
2. The law of constant composition (ratio)
3. The law of multiple proportions (you cannot have half an atom therefore the subscripts must be whole)

Question 4

Who discovered electrons?

Answer 4

J.J. Thomson using the Cathode Ray Tube Experiment

Question 5

What charge do electrons have?

Answer 5

Negative 1

Question 6

What region of the atom are electrons found in?

Answer 6

The outer region of the atom

Question 7

Who found the nucleus?

Answer 7

Rutherford using the gold foil experiment

Question 8

What is found in the nucleus? (* the two subatomic particles)

Answer 8

Protons- which have a positive 1 charge

and

Neutrons- which do not have a charge

Question 9

The atomic # equals INSERT Z SYMBOL

Answer 9

of protons

Question 10

In a neutral atom the # of protons equals

Answer 10

of electrons

Question 11

Mass Number (A) equals

Answer 11

of protons + # of electrons

Question 12

An isotope has

Answer 12

same # of protons, but different electrons

Question 13

The nuclear symbol is made up of what 3 components? INSERT PHOTO

Answer 13

Mass #, atomic #, and element symbol

Question 14

Nuclear stability for lighter elements means

Answer 14

The # of protons = the # of neutrons

Question 15

Nuclear stability for heavier elements means

Answer 15

of protons

Question 16

Unstable isotopes may give off what 3 types of radiation

Answer 16

1. Beta particles (β)
2. Alpha particles (α)
3. Gamma radiation(γ)

Question 17

What makes the periodic table periodic?

Answer 17

Repeating reactivity

Question 18

A horizontal row on the periodic table is called a

Answer 18

Period

Question 19

A column of elements on the periodic table is called a

Answer 19

Group (families)

Question 20

The group 1 elements are called

Answer 20

Alkali metals

Question 21

Inert means

Answer 21

Nonreactive

Question 22

Group 2 elements are called

Answer 22

Alkaline earth metals

Question 23

Group 17 elements are called

Answer 23

Halogens

Question 24

Group 18 elements are called

Answer 24

Noble gases (these are inert)

Question 25

Elements in the same group on the periodic table have

Answer 25

Similar reactivity

Question 26

As the periods on the periodic table increase so does

Answer 26

The atomic #s of elements

Question 27

This part of the periodic table can be identified as INSERT PIC

Answer 27

Main group elements

Question 28

This part of the periodic table can be identified as INSERT PIC

Answer 28

Transition metals

Question 29

This part of the periodic table can be identified as INSERT PIC

Answer 29

Post transition metals

Question 30

This part of the periodic table can be identified as INSERT PIC

Answer 30

Inner transition metals

Question 31

the post transition metals are

Answer 31

``` Ga- gallium In- indium Sn- tin Tl- thallium Pb- lead Bi- bismuth ```

Question 32

Who is given credit for the first periodic table?

Answer 32

dmitri mendeleev

Question 33

Name the metalloids on the periodic table

Answer 33

``` B-boron Si-silicon Ge-germanium As-arsenic Sb-antimony Te-tellurium At*-astatine ```

Question 34

Molecules are made up of what combination

Answer 34

Nonmetal and nonmetal

Question 35

What is the charge of a molecule?

Answer 35

They are uncharged

Question 36

The elements on this part of the periodic table can be identified as INSERT PIC

Answer 36

Metalloids

Question 37

What type of bonds do molecules have

Answer 37

Covalent bonds, which means they share electrons

Question 38

This is an example of what formula of molecules INSERT PIC

Answer 38

Molecular formula

Question 39

This is an example of what formula of molecules INSERT PIC

Answer 39

Structural formula

Question 40

This is an example of what formula of molecules INSERT PIC

Answer 40

Condensed structural formula

Question 41

What is the importance of John Dalton

Answer 41

Came up with the atomic model of matter