chapter 2

Question 1

sexology

Answer 1

demystified sex

Question 2

sexologist

Answer 2

scientist who studies human sexuality, interests, behavior, and functions

Question 3

kinsey

Answer 3

american sexual behavior

Question 4

masters and johnson

Answer 4

sexual response physiology

Question 5

• most influential modern sexuality researcher
• he and 3 colleagues interviewed 18,000 subjects to obtain sexual life histories
• 1947 established the institute for sex research out of indiana university
• controversial work

Answer 5

kinsey

Question 6

what year was the institute for sex research in indiana university established by kinsey

Answer 6

1947

Question 7

first to ask americans about their sexual behaviors

Answer 7

mosher

Question 8

research on prostitution and STIs; homosexuality not uncommon

Answer 8

bement davis

Question 9

early 1950s; professionals could not differentiate gay and straight males

Answer 9

hooker

Question 10

in 1954 began to study anatomy and physiology of intercourse in the laboratory

• human sexual response
• women may have multiple orgasms
• sexuality stays with use as we age

Answer 10

masters and johnson

Question 11

two books by masters and johnson

Answer 11

human sexual response

masters and johnson: human sexual inadequacy

Question 12

throughout examination of one or few participants

individual cases explored to form hypotheses

freud

Answer 12

case study

Question 13

consistency of measurement

Answer 13

reliability

Question 14

accuracy of measurement

Answer 14

validity

Question 15

ability of sample to be applicable to a wider population

Answer 15

external validity (generalizability)

Question 16

can build rapport with participant; can vary order of questions

Answer 16

interviews

Question 17

self report attitudes behavior knowledge

kinsey

Answer 17

questionaires and survey

Question 18

focus on behaviors

masters and johnson used this

difficult to find subjects in sexuality research; expensive

Answer 18

direct observation

Question 19

researchers monitor within a neutral environment

research conducted in a bar

such sexual behavior is in private

Answer 19

participant observation

Question 20

establish cause and effect due to increased control

Answer 20

experimental methods

Question 21

what are the intellectual structure for understanding sexuality

Answer 21

theory

Question 22

only study overt behavior; ignore internal states

operant conditioning (skinner)

• reinforcement
• punishment

Answer 22

behavioral theory

Question 23

tool to change unwanted behavior

-aversion therapy

Answer 23

behavior modification

Question 24

looks at modeling behaviors

also considers internal events in affecting behavior

indentification and imitation of same sex parent in development of our gender identity

peer pressure influence on our sexuality

Answer 24

social learning theory

Question 25

individual differences in processing info behavior is a result of our perceptions and conceptualizations of our environment largest sex organ is brain we are sexually aroused by what we think is sexually arousing

Answer 25

cognitive theory

Question 26

self-actualization - we try to be the best we can become unconditional positive regard allows us to become self actualized

Answer 26

humanistic theory

Question 27

our sexuality is controlled by our physiology and genetics sexual problems due to physiological causes; interventions include medications or surgery

Answer 27

biologically based theories

Question 28

combo of evolution and sociology sexuality seves mainly to reporduce primary goal is to pass on ones genes consider mate preferences from an evolutionary perspective

Answer 28

evolution based theories

Question 29

sexual expression varies across societies and cultures institutions influence rules societies hold regarding the expression of sexuality

Answer 29

sociological based theories

Question 30

sexology is dominated by white middle class heterosexist attitudes research based on male sexuality social construction of sexuality based on power; historically held by men women as passive and submissive sexuality used by men to maintain power over women lack reseach on female orgasm satisfactions

Answer 30

feminist based theories

Question 31

heterosexism and homophobia should be resisted heterosexism is not the norm with all else deviant sexual categories are cultural constructions that limit and restrain

Answer 31

queer theories