Chapter 2

Question 1

Organic compound needed in small amounts for the body to function properly.

Answer 1

Vitamin

Question 2

Small molecule used to build proteins.

Answer 2

Amino acid

Question 3

Carbohydrate that is partially indigestible.

Answer 3

Fiber

Question 4

Organic compound that is insoluble in water and includes fats, oils, and waxes.

Answer 4

Lipid

Question 5

Chemical element, such as calcium or potassium, that is needed for body processes.

Answer 5

Mineral

Question 6

Muscle contractions that help food move through the digestive system.

Answer 6

Peristalsis

Question 7

The approximate amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius.

Answer 7

Calorie

Question 8

Process that allows nutrients to be taken up by the blood.

Answer 8

Absorption

Question 9

Organic compound composed of amino acids and includes enzymes, antibodies, and muscle fibers.

Answer 9

Protein

Question 10

Chemical in food that your body needs.

Answer 10

Carbohydrate

Question 11

The body needs water and _____ to survive.

Answer 11

energy

Question 12

Energy comes from carbohydrates, _____ and fats that are eaten

Answer 12

proteins

Question 13

Energy is expressed in _____. The average eight grade student needs _____ C each day.

Answer 13

calories, 2,000

Question 14

Sugars are _____ carbohydrates. They provide quick energy.

Answer 14

simple

Question 15

Starch is a _____ carbohydrate. They provide longer lasting energy.

Answer 15

complex

Question 16

Proteins are the building blocks of _____.

Answer 16

life

Question 17

Some _____ must come from food.

Answer 17

energy

Question 18

_____ provides many essential functions in the body.

Answer 18

Water

Question 19

Vitamins and _____ are necessary for the body to function optimally.

Answer 19

Minerals

Question 20

The _____ system breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and excretes waste.

Answer 20

digestive

Question 21

“You are what you eat.” What is meant by this phase?

Answer 21

What we eat can change how we look.

Question 22

What is a nutrient?

Answer 22

A nutrient is a required substance to keep the body in order.

Question 23

Why are unsaturated fats better than saturated fats?

Answer 23

Saturated fats can cause heart disease.

Question 24

Describe the main organs of the digestive function.

Answer 24

Mouth: receives food 
Esophagus: connects stomach and throat
Stomach: digestions occurs here
Large Intestine: absorbs water
Small Intestine: end of absorption takes place