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Chapter 2 Flashcards

(102 cards)

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1
Q

Matter can be separated into 2 categories _______________________ and _______________________.

A

Pure Substances and Mixtures

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2
Q

Fixed Ratio. Matter that always has the same chemical composition
Is what?

A

Pure Substance

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3
Q

Not Fixed Ratios. Amounts of different chemicals can vary.

Is what?

A

Mixtures

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4
Q

Every sample of a given substance has the same properties because a substance has a
___________________________________

A

Fixed uniform composition

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5
Q

Anything that has mass and takes up space

is what?

A

Matter

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6
Q

Substances can be classified into two categories

______________________ and _________________________

A

Elements and compounds

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7
Q

A substance that can not be broken into simpler substances

Is what?

A

Element

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8
Q

The smallest particle of an element

Is what?

A

Atom

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9
Q

An element has a ______________ composition because it contains
____________________________________

A

Fixed composition

Contains only one type of atom

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10
Q

A substance that is made of two (in a fixed ratio) or more simpler substances and can be broken down into separate elements
Is what?

A

Compound

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11
Q

A compound always contains at least _____ elements.

A

Two

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12
Q

The substances that make up a compound are always joined in a ___________________________

A

Fixed proportion

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13
Q

A compound can be broken down into ________________________________________

A

Simpler substances

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14
Q

The properties of a mixture can vary because________________________________________________

A

The composition of matter is not fixed

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15
Q

A type of mixture in which the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another. Can tell the different components apart.
Is what?

A

Heterogeneous mixture

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16
Q

A type of mixture in which the substances are so evenly mixed that it is difficult to distinguish one from another. Cannot tell the different components apart.
Is what?

A

Homogeneous mixture

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17
Q

Based on the size of its largest particle, a mixture can be classified as a ________________, _________________, or ________________________.

A

Solution, suspension, colloid

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18
Q

A mixture that forms when substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture, can’t filter, scatter light, small particles.
Is what?

A

Solution

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19
Q

A heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time.
Is what?

A

Suspension

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20
Q

Mixture that contain medium size particles. Scatters light, can’t filter.
Is what?

A

Colloid

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21
Q

Anything that has mass and takes up space

is what?

A

Matter

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22
Q

Substances can be classified into two categories

______________________ and _________________________

A

Elements and compounds

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23
Q

A substance that can not be broken into simpler substances

Is what?

A

Element

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24
Q

The smallest particle of an element

Is what?

A

Atom

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25
An element has a ______________ composition because it contains ____________________________________
Fixed composition | Contains only one type of atom
26
A substance that is made of 2 or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those elements. Is what?
Compound
27
A compound always contains at least _____ elements.
Two
28
The substances that make up a compound are always joined in a ___________________________
Fixed proportion
29
A compound can be broken down into ________________________________________
Simpler substances
30
The properties of a mixture can vary because________________________________________________
The composition of matter is not fixed
31
A type of mixture in which the parts of the mixture are noticeably different from one another. Is what?
Heterogeneous mixture
32
A type of mixture in which the substances are so evenly mixed that it is difficult to distinguish one from another. Is what?
Homogeneous mixture
33
Based on the size of its largest particle, a mixture can be classified as a ________________, _________________, or ________________________.
Solution, suspension, colloid
34
A mixture that forms when substances dissolve and form a homogeneous mixture. Is what?
Solution
35
A heterogeneous mixture that separates into layers over time. Is what?
Suspension
36
Mixture that contain mid size particles. Scatters light, can’t filter. Is what?
Colloid
37
Anything that has mass and takes up space | is what?
Matter
38
Anything that has mass and takes up space | is what?
Matter
39
Anything that has mass and takes up space | is what?
Matter
40
Used to observe and describe matter. | Is what?
Physical property
41
The tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing. Resistance of a liquid to flowing. Is what?
Viscosity
42
High viscosity is | Thick or Thin?
Thick
43
Low viscosity is? | Thick or Thin
Thin
44
A materials ability to allow heat and electricity to flow well. Is what?
Conductivity
45
Good conductors heat ____________
Well
46
Poor conductors ________________ conduct heat well.
Do not
47
Ability of a solid to be hammered but it won’t shatter. | Is what?
Malleability
48
What is the hardest known material?
Diamond
49
The temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid. Is what?
Melting point
50
The point when a liquid changes to a gas. | Is what?
Boiling point
51
Ratio of mass to volume. | Is what?
Density
52
Physical properties are used to ________________________, to ________________________________ __________________, or to __________________________________________.
Identify a material, choose a material for a specific purpose, separate the substance in a mixture
53
___________________ and ________________________ are two common separation methods.
Filtration and distillation
54
Separates materials based on the size of particles. | Is what?
Filtration
55
The process that separates substances in a solution based on boiling points. Is what?
Distillation
56
Changes affecting the form of a chemical substance
Physical change
57
Produces a change in the composition of a matter. | Is what?
Chemical properties
58
Chemical properties can be observed only when____________________________________________ ___________________________________________.
The substances in a sample are changing the different substances
59
A materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen. | Is what?
Flammability
60
How readily substances combine chemically with others. | Is what?
Reactivity
61
Used to observe and describe matter. | Is what?
Physical property
62
The tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing. Usually decreases as temperature increases. Is what?
Viscosity
63
High viscosity is | Thick or Thin?
Thick
64
Low viscosity is? | Thick or Thin
Thin
65
A materials ability to allow heat and electricity to flow well. Is what?
Conductivity
66
Good conductors heat ____________
Well
67
Poor conductors ________________ conduct heat well.
Do not
68
Ability of a solid to be hammered but it won’t shatter. | Is what?
Malleability
69
What is the hardest known material?
Diamond
70
The temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid. Is what?
Melting point
71
The point when a liquid changes to a gas. | Is what?
Boiling point
72
Ratio of mass to volume. | Is what?
Density
73
Physical properties are used to ________________________, to ________________________________ __________________, or to __________________________________________.
Identify a material, choose a material for a specific purpose, separate the substance in a mixture
74
___________________ and ________________________ are two common separation methods.
Filtration and distillation
75
Separates materials based on the size of particles. | Is what?
Filtration
76
Different boiling points. | Is what?
Distillation
77
Changes affecting the form of a chemical substance
Physical change
78
Produces a change in the composition of a matter. | Is what?
Chemical properties
79
Chemical properties can be observed only when____________________________________________ ___________________________________________.
The substances in a sample are changing the different substances
80
A materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen. | Is what?
Flammability
81
How readily substances combine chemically with others. | Is what?
Reactivity
82
Involves the rearrangement of atoms of one or more substances. Is what?
Chemical change
83
Involves the rearrangement of atoms of one or more substances. Is what?
Chemical change
84
Three common types of evidence for a chemical change are ______________________________, __________________________, and _________________________________.
Change in color, production of gas, formation of precipitate
85
A creation of a solid from a solution. | Is what?
Precipitate
86
When matter undergoes a chemical change, the ____________________________________________.
Composition of matter changes
87
When matter undergoes a physical change, _________________________________________________.
There is no change in its chemical composition.
88
An ice cube is placed in the sun. Later there is a puddle of water. Later still the puddle is gone. Physical OR Chemical Change
Physical
89
Two chemicals are mixed together and a gas is produced. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Chemical
90
A bicycle changes color as it rusts. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Chemical
91
A solid is crushed to a powder. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Physical
92
Two substances are mixed and light is produced. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Chemical
93
A piece of ice melts and reacts with sodium. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Chemical
94
Mixing salt and pepper. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Physical
95
Chocolate syrup is dissolved in milk. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Physical
96
A marshmallow is toasted over a campfire. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Chemical
97
A marshmallow is cut in half. | Physical OR Chemical Change
Physical
98
Melting and freezing are ________________ changes. | Physical OR Chemical
Physical
99
Flat soda pop Homogeneous OR Heterogeneous
Homogeneous
100
Cherry vanilla ice cream Homogeneous OR Heterogeneous
Heterogeneous
101
Salad dressing Homogeneous OR Heterogeneous
Heterogeneous
102
Sugar Homogeneous OR Heterogeneous
Homogeneous

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