Chapter 2

Question 1

Alleles

Answer 1

the two genes that control the same trait

Question 2

Asomatognosia

Answer 2

a deficiency in the awareness of parts of ones own body that is typically produced by damage to the parietal lobe.

Question 3

Cartesian dualism

Answer 3

philisophical position of descartes, who argued that the universe is composed of two elements: physical matter and the human mind

Question 4

Fitness

Answer 4

according to darwin, the ability of an organism to survive and contribute its genes to the next generation.

Question 5

Gene expression

Answer 5

the production of the protein specified by a particular gene.

Question 6

Messenger RNA

Answer 6

a strand of RNA that is transcribed from DNA and carries the genetic code out of the cell nucleus to direct the synthesis of a protein

Question 7

Ontogeny

Answer 7

the development of individuals over their life span

Question 8

Phenotype

Answer 8

an organisms observable traits

Ex: eye color

Question 9

phenylketonuria (PKU)

Answer 9

a neurological disorder whose symptoms are vomiting, seizures, hyperactivity, mental retardation, brain damage, and high levels of phenylpyruvic acid in the urine

Question 10

sensitive period

Answer 10

the period during the development of a particular trait, usually early in life, when a particular experience is likely to change the course of that development.

Question 11

sex-linked traits

Answer 11

traits that are influenced by genes on the sex chromosomes