Chapter 2 - Atoms ions and compounds Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are isotopes?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons and hence different mass numbers. They have the same atomic number so the number of protons is the same.
What is relative isotopic mass?
The mass of an atom of the isotope compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12.
Remember that isotopes of the same element will have different isotopic masses, such as (35)Cl and (37)Cl.
What is the relative atomic mass
Weighted mean mass of all isotopes of the element (in a sample) compared with 1/12th of the mass of an atom of carbon-12
What is relative molecular mass (Mr)?
This term is used when referring to molecules with simple covalent structures and is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms present in the substance.
What is relative formula mass?
This term is used when referring to substances with giant structures and is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in the formals of the substance.
What are mass spectrometers used for?
They can be used to find the abundance of the different isotopes present in a sample of an element.
The results obtained can be used to calculate the relative atomic mass of a sample.
What is the formula for a nitrate ion?
NO3-
What is the formula for the carbonate ion?
CO3 2-
What is the formula for the sulfate ion?
SO4 2-
What is the formula for the hydroxide ion?
OH-
What is the formula for an ammonium ion?
NH4-
What is the formula fora zinc ion?
Zn2+
What is the formula for a silver ion?
Ag+
What ions do (non-transition) metal atoms form?
Metal atoms in groups 1, 2 and 3 form 1+, 2+ and 3+ ions respectively.
What ions do non metal atoms form?
Non metal atoms in groups 5, 6 and 7 can form 3– 2- and 3- ions respectively
What is the formula for magnesium nitrate?
Mg(NO3)2
