chapter 2 - cellular functioning Flashcards
what is the plasma membrane made of
phospholipid bilayer
what do hydrophillic pass through plasma membrane
protien channels/carriers
hoe do hydrophobic pass through plasma membrane
straight through phospholipid bilayer
passive movement
simple diffusion
passive diffusion
osmosis
active movement
active transport
bulk transport
does active or passive movement need energy
active
simple diffusion - explain
the net passive movement of a
substance from a region of high concentration to a
region of low concentration until equilibrium is
reached
Factors affecting the rate of diffusion
Concentration
Temperature
Particle size
Osmosis - explain
the net passive movement of free
water from a region of high free water
concentration to a region of low free water
concentration until equilibrium is reached
Facilitated diffusion
the net passive movement
of a particular substance from a region of high
concentration to a region of low concentration
with the assistance of carrier proteins or channel
proteins
channel protiens
like a tunnel
carrier protiens
like a pac man
active transport - explain
moves dissolved
substances from a region of low
concentration to a region of high
concentration of those
substances. Working against the
concentration gradient.
Bulk transport - explain
Bulk transport the movement of large particles (solid or
liquid) across the plasma membrane, requiring the input of energy
endocytosis
things entering the cell
exocytosis
things exiting the cell
Solute
substance that is dissolved
Solvent
liquid in which a solute dissolves
Solution
liquid mixture of the solute in the
solvent.
HYPOTONIC
refers to a solution
that has a lower solute concentration
than the cell’s internal environment
HYPERTONIC
refers to a solution
that has a higher solute concentration
than the cell’s internal environment
ISOTONIC
refers to a solution that
has the same solute concentration as the
cell’s internal environment
autotroughs
self feeders
heterotroughs
rely on their food from other organisms
