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Chapter 2 CNA Flashcards

1
Q

abdominal thrusts

A

a method of attempting to remove an object from the airway of someone who is choking

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2
Q

abrasion

A

an injury that rubs off the surface of the skin

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3
Q

antimicrobial

A

an agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens

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4
Q

bloodborne pathogen

A

microorganisms found in human blood, body fluid draining wounds, and mucous membranes that can cause infection and disease in humans

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5
Q

body mechanics

A

the way the parts of the body work together when a person moves

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6
Q

CPR

A

cardiopulmonary resuscitation- medical procedures used when a person’s heart or lungs have stopped working

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7
Q

causative agent

A

a pathogenic microorganism that causes disease

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8
Q

CDC

A

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-

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9
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident- also called a stroke

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10
Q

Chain of Infection

A

way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human to another

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11
Q

cliches

A

phrases that are used over and over again and do not really mean anything

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12
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

a bacterium that is spread by spores in feces that are difficult to kill; causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to colitis

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13
Q

combative

A

violent or hostile

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14
Q

conscious

A

mentally alert and having awareness of sensations, surroundings, and thoughts

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15
Q

cyanotic

A

blue or grey skin color

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16
Q

defense mechanism

A

unconscious behaviors used to release tension or cope with stress

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17
Q

DKA

A

Diabetic ketoacidosis- a complication of diabetes that is causes by having too little insulin in the body

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18
Q

direct contact

A

a way of transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his secretions

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19
Q

disinfection

A

a process that destroys most of the pathogens; reduces level so that it is considered NOT infectious

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20
Q

disorientation

A

confusion about person, place, or time

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21
Q

doff

A

to remove

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22
Q

don

A

to put on

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23
Q

dyspnea

A

difficulty breathing

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24
Q

emesis

A

vomiting

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25
fracture
broken bone
26
HAIs
Healthcare-associated Infections- an infection acquired in a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care
27
Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma
28
impairment
loss of function or ability
29
incontinence
the inability to control the bladder or bowels
30
indirect contact
transmitting pathogens from touching an OBJECT contaminated by the infected person
31
infection prevention
the set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease
32
insulin reactions
hypoglycemia- a complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food
33
localized infection
an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms
34
medical asepsis
measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens
35
mental health
the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual abilities
36
microbe
microrganism; a living thing or organism that is so small that it can be seen only under a microscope
37
mode of transmission
the method of describing how a pathogen travels
38
MRSA
bacteria that have developed resistance to the antibiotic methicillin
39
mucous membrane
membranes that line body cavities that open to the outside of the body- linings of mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, or genitals
40
MI
myocardial infarction- heart attack- the heart muscle does not receive enough blood
41
nonintact skin
skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils
42
objective information
information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells; also called signs
43
obstructed airway
a condition in which something is blocking the tube through which air enters the lungs
44
OSHA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration- federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job
45
pathogens
microorganisms capable of causing infection and disease
46
perineal care
care of the genitals and anal area
47
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment- gowns, masks, gloves etc
48
portal of entry
any body opening on an UNINFECTED person that allows pathogens to enter
49
portal of exit
any body opening on an INFECTED person that allows pathogens to leave
50
reservoir
a place where a pathogen lives and multiplies
51
scalds
burns caused by hot liquids
52
sharps
needles or other sharp objects
53
shock
a condition that occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not receive an adequate blood supply
54
sputum
thick mucus coughed up from the lungs
55
standard precautions
a method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes are treated AS IF THEY WERE INFECTED with an infectious disease
56
sterilization
a cleaning measure that destroys all microorganisms, including pathogens
57
Subjective information
information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on something reported to the person that may or may not be true; also called symptoms
58
surgical asepsis
sterile technique; the state of being completely free of all microorganisms
59
susceptible host
an uninfected person who could get sick
60
syncope
fainting- loss of consciousness
61
systemic infection
an infection that travels through the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms
62
TIA
transient ischemic attack- a warning sign of a CVA/stroke resulting from a temporary lack of oxygen in the brain; symptoms may last up to 24 hours
63
transmission-based precautions
method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or may be infected with certain infectious diseases
64
TB
tuberculosis- a highly contagious disease caused by a bacterium that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air; usually affects the lungs and causes coughing, trouble breathing, weight loss, and fatigue (tiredness)
65
VRE
bacteria that have developed resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin

Chapter 1 (5 decks)

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