Chapter 2-Culture Flashcards
(18 cards)
How is culture defined in anthropology?
The shared, socially learned knowledge and patterns of behavior Characteristics of some group of people.
What is cultural knowledge?
Information, skills, attitudes, conceptions, beliefs, values, and other mental components of culture that people socially learn during enculturation.
Or:
All the information about the world and society that children learn and adults apply during their lifetime. It is what you know because you were born into a given group at a certain time.
What is patterns of behavior?
Regularly and habitually.
Members of the same culture behave alike in similar situations.
Within a single culture, the behavior most people perform when they are in certain culturally defined situations.
What is cultural identity?
Cultural tradition a group of people recognize as its own, the shared customs and beliefs that define how a group sees itself as distinctive.
Subculture
Cultural differences characteristics of members of various ethnics groups, regions, religions, and so forth within a single society or country.
Who was EB Tylor?
Englishman, founder of cultural anthropology. Because of him it came to be a field.
His book was called “primitive culture” where he talked about the behaviors of different people out of Europe.
He defined culture as: “That complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, customs and any other capabilities & habits acquired by man as a member of society.
How do people learn culture?
It’s learned from others while growing up in a particular society or group.
Anthropologists use the term “culture” to emphasize what?
They emphasize the unique and most distinctive aspects of a people’s customs and beliefs.
what is the simplest way in why cultures differ?
They differ in thinking and behaving.
Thinking: what go’s in peoples head. (How they perceive the world around them, how they feel about ppl/events, what they desire/fear.. etc)
Behavior: how they commonly act (how they conduct themselves with parents/spouses, how they carry ceremonies, how they behave when they’re sad/angry)
What is language?
All the knowledge you have in your head on how to communicate by talking.
What is speech?
What you actually say or talk about in a particular situation.
Depends on the situation (who’s present, your goals, defining the occasion)
What is cultural knowledge?
Information, skills, attitudes, conceptions, beliefs, values, and other mental components of culture that people socially learn during enculturation.
what is Patterns of behavior?
Within a single culture, the behavior most people perform when they are in certain culturally defined situations.
Synonyms. Behavior and actions
What is culture identity?
Cultural tradition a group of people recognizes as its own;the shared customs and beliefs that define how a group see’s itself as distinctive.
What is subculture?
Subculture is cultural differences characteristics of member of various ethnic groups, regions, religions, and so forth within a single society or country.
What is enculturation? (Socialization)
Transmission (by means of social learning) of cultural knowledge to the next generation.
What do anthropologist mean by “socially learned”?
Members of any given generation learn their culture from previous generations. Learned meaning it wasn’t something acquired biologically or reproductively.
What does this phrase mean:
We DO NOT differ culturally because we differ biologically.
It means that culture and biology are different, they’re not correlated. They’re largely independent from one another. Children learn anything no matter what their biology is, it’s all about their environment.
