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Pharmacology > Chapter 2: Drug Receptor and Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Drug Receptor and Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Molecular substances or macromolecules in tissues that combine chemically with drug.

A

Receptors

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2
Q

Chemicals that interact with a receptor and initiate a cellular reaction

A

Agonist

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3
Q

Something that Prevents the interaction of acetylcholine with it’s receptor is called a

A

Antagonist

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4
Q

Two atoms that share a pair of electrons is what kind of bond?

A

Covalent Bond

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5
Q

Antineoplastic and antibiotic drug has what kind of bond?

A

Covalent Bond

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6
Q

Mode of action of Sodium Bicarbonate is through:

A

Chemical interaction (will bind to HCl acid)

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7
Q

Bond the results from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

A

electrostatic bond

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8
Q

Amphotericin B acts as a membrane surfactant to what component of the fungal wall?

A

Ergosterol

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9
Q

2 Properties of Receptors:

A
  1. Must be able to bind with ligands at high affinity

2. Must be able to transduce a signal

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10
Q

Site that do not transduce a signal

A

Inert Binding Site

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11
Q

The process following its administration and passage to the area adjacent to the receptor surface:

A

Biophase

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12
Q

As dose increases, response _________?

A

increases

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13
Q

What is the receptor subtype of Allopurinol?

A

Enzyme - binds with xanthine oxidase

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14
Q

Nifedipine, Verapamil and Diltiazem belong to what drug classification? What receptor subtype?

A

Ca Channel blocker; ion channel

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15
Q

Graph that requires data to be obtained from a group of individuals

A

Quantal dose Response

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16
Q

Characteristic shape of dose-response curve when plotted on log scale

A

Sigmoidal

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17
Q

Total concentration of receptor sites at high concentration (Saturation)

A

BMax

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18
Q

Concentration of free drug at which half-maximal binding is observed?

A

kD

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19
Q

Equation for Therapeutic index?

A

LD50/ED50

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20
Q

Graph that requires data to be obtained from one individual?

A

Dose-repsonse relation curve

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21
Q

Drug concentration at 50% maximal effect is labeled as?

A

Ec50

22
Q

What does the graded dose response state?

A

As dose increases, response increases.

23
Q

The measure of the net molecular attraction between a drug is called?

A

Affinity

24
Q

The measure of the efficiency of the drug-receptor complex in initiating the signal transduction process is called?

A

Efficacy

25
Q

Is EC50>Kd correct?

A

False. EC50<kD

26
Q

The result when concentration of a drug produced at 50% mass effect is less than concentration of a drug at which 50% binding is achieved?

A

Spare Receptors

27
Q

Type of antagonism when there is direct chemical interaction between the agonist and antagonist?

A

Chemical antagonism

28
Q

Type of antagonism when the antagonist combines with the same site of receptor as does the agonist?

A

Competitive antagonism

29
Q

Antagonism can be overcome when?

A

concentration of agonist in the biophase is increased

30
Q

What happens when you increase agonist concentration when there is competitive antagonist?

A

No Effect - competitive antagonist is irreversible.

31
Q

Difference between a non competitive antagonist and a non equilibrium competitive antagonist?

A

Specificity
Non competitive antagonist antagonizes agonist acting through more than 1 receptor system
Competitive antagonist antagonizes agonist acting through 1 receptor system

32
Q

Tenacity at which a drug binds to it’s receptor?

A

Affinity

33
Q

If kD is low, binding affinity is?

A

High, increase

34
Q

Property of a drug to produce a biologic effect?

A

Efficacy

35
Q

EC50 is directly proportional to Potency. T or F?

A

False. They are Indirectly Proportional.

36
Q

Distinguishes which agonist has a higher affinity to a receptor?

A

Potency

37
Q

Glutamine Glycine and Aspartate uses what kind of signal transduction for Agonists?

A

Ion Channel

38
Q

G-CHON is a 2nd messenger system. Gs-mediated adenylyl cyclase activates what 2nd messenger?

A

CHON Kinase A

39
Q

Angiotensin 2 uses what kind of signal transduction for Agonists?

A

Phospholipase C

which will activate DAG and IP3

40
Q

What type of antagonism happens when a drug decreases agonist by formation of complexes?

A

Chemical Antagonist

41
Q

Chelating Agents such as Dimercaprol is what type of Antagonist?

A

Chemical

42
Q

Ability of a drug to affect 1 cell type is pertaining to?

A

Selectivity

43
Q

Measure of the number of people protected from disease when given a drug?

A

Quantal dose relationship

44
Q

Depicts relationship of dose vs Frequency

A

Quantal dose relationship

45
Q

The TD50 can only be seen in what curve?

A

Quantal dose relationship

46
Q

The dose which produces mortality in 50% of the population

A

LD50/ Lethal dose

47
Q

Potency is determined by?

A

Affinity and intrinsic activity

48
Q

A partial agonist has a _____ intrisic activity?

A

Lower

49
Q

S-Carvedilol binds to _____ while R- Carvedilol binds to _____?

A

S-Carvedilol - alpha and beta receptors

R-Carvedilol - Beta only

50
Q

Albumin is an example of what kind of binding site?

A

inert binding site: able to bind with ligand but DO NOT TRANSDUCE A SIGNAL

Pharmacology (4 decks)

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