Chapter 2: Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes with dehydrogenase or reductase in their names are usually _________________.

Answer 1

Oxidoreductases

Question 2

In reactions catalyzed by oxidoreductases, the electron donor is known as the ______________, and the electron acceptor is known as the _____________.

Answer 2

• Reductant
• Oxidant

Question 3

Kinases are a member of ______________ enzyme class.

Answer 3

Transferases

Question 4

Peptidases, nucleases, and lipases, which break down proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids are examples of ____________.

Answer 4

Hydrolases

Question 5

Example of ________ is synthase.

Answer 5

Lyase

Question 6

Major enzyme classification: LIL HOT

Answer 6

• Ligase
• Isomerase
• Lyase
• Hydrolase
• Oxidoreductase
• Transferase

Question 7

Enzymes without their cofactors are called _____________.

Answer 7

Apoenzymes

Question 8

Enzymes containing their cofactors are called ______________.

Answer 8

Holoenzymes

Question 9

_____________ (prosthetic group) are generally inorganic molecules or metal ions, and are often ingested as dietary minerals.

Answer 9

Cofactors

Question 10

_____________ (prosthetic groups) are small organic groups, the vast majority of which are vitamins or derivatives of vitamins such as NAD+, FAD, and coenzyme A.

Answer 10

Coenzymes

Question 11

Cooperative enzymes and its subunits may exist in one of 2 states: a low-affinity __________ state (_____) or a high-affinity __________ state (____).

Answer 11

• Tense state (T)
• Relaxed state (R)

Question 12

For enzymes that circulate and function in human blood, the optimal pH is ______.

Answer 12

pH 7.4

Question 13

Pepsin enzyme, which works in the stomach, has maximal activity around pH ______.

Answer 13

pH 2

Question 14

Pancreatic enzymes, which works in the small intestine, work best around pH _____.

Answer 14

pH 8.5