Chapter 2 - Enzymes And The Diestive System

Question 0

What is the oesophagus made up of?

Answer 0

Thick muscular wall

Question 1

What does the oesophagus do?

Answer 1

Carries food from the mouth to the stomach

Question 2

What is the role of the stomach?

Answer 2

To store and digest food

Question 3

What do the glands in the stomach wall produce? (2)

Answer 3

Enzymes for digesting protein

Mucus

Question 4

What is the mucus produced in the stomach for?

Answer 4

To prevent the stomach being digested by its own enzymes

Question 5

How is the surface area of the small intestine increased?

Answer 5

By villi and microvilli

Question 6

What is the purpose of the small intestine?

Answer 6

To further digest food

Question 7

What does the large intestine absorb?

Answer 7

Water

Question 8

What is formed in the large intestine?

Answer 8

Faeces

Question 9

What egestion?

Answer 9

The process in which the faeces are periodically removed

Question 10

What enzymes does the salivary gland produce?

Answer 10

Amylase

Question 11

What does amylase break down?

Answer 11

Starch

Question 12

What is starch broken down into?

Answer 12

Maltose

Question 13

What are the two stages of digestion?

Answer 13

Physical breakdown and chemical digestion

Question 14

Where is the pancreas situated?

Answer 14

Below the stomach

Question 15

What enzymes does the pancreas secrete?

Answer 15

Protease, lipase and amylase

Question 16

What does protease break down?

Answer 16

Proteins

Question 17

What does lipase break down?

Answer 17

Lipids

Question 18

What are lipids broken down into?

Answer 18

Glycerol and fatty acids

Question 19

What are proteins broken down into?

Answer 19

Amino acids

Question 20

What is assimilation?

Answer 20

Where molecules are incorporated into body issues and used in processes within the body

Question 21

What do hydrolases do?

Answer 21

Catalyse hydrolysis

Question 22

What is a monomer?

Answer 22

An individual molecule which makes up a chain

Question 23

What is the general formula for a monosaccharide?

Answer 23

(CH2O)n

Question 24

How to test for reducing sugars?

Answer 24

Benedict's test

Question 25

What monosaccharides form the disaccharide maltose?

Answer 25

Glucose

Question 26

What monosaccharides form the disaccharide sucrose?

Answer 26

Glucose and fructose

Question 27

What monosaccharides form the disaccharide lactose?

Answer 27

Glucose and galactose

Question 28

How to test for starch?

Answer 28

Add iodine to dissolve sample

Question 29

What colour will the sample go if starch is present?

Answer 29

Blue/Black

Question 30

What is the R group?

Answer 30

A range of chemical groups different in each amino acid

Question 31

What is the amino group?

Answer 31

NH2

Question 32

What is the carboxyl group?

Answer 32

CO2H

Question 33

What bonds are in the tertiary structure of proteins?

Answer 33

Disulfide, ionic, hydrogen

Question 34

How to test for proteins?

Answer 34

Buiret test

Question 35

What colour indicates the presence of peptide bonds?

Answer 35

Purple