Chapter 2 Fascia Flashcards
(27 cards)
Fascia
A collection of connective tissues under the skin.
What does the Fascia cover?
Body wall and limbs.
What does the Fascia divide into?
Deep, superficial, and internal fasciae.
Describe the structure of the Superficial Fascia.
A layer of loose CT that lies just deep to the skin.
How does the superficial Fascia structure help the skin?
It allows the skin to move more or less freely over the underlying structures.
The structure of superficial Fascia contains a variable amount of?
Fat
The amount of fat in the superficial Fascia is found more in females or males?
Females
The superficial fascia fat is more abundant in?
Gluteal region, anterior abdominal wall, and breasts.
The superficial fascia fat is less abundant in?
The limbs.
The superficial fascia fat is absent in?
Penis, Eyelids, and scrotum.
Functions of the Superficial Fascia.
- Contains special types of glands such as mammary glands.
- Prevent heat loss from the body, acts as a thermal insulator.
- Softens and smoothens the surface of the body.
- Facilitates the movement of the skin over the underlying structures.
- Contains skin muscles such as facial muscles or the muscles of expression.
- Medium to conduct the nerves, vessels, and the lymphatic to the skin.
Describe the structure of the Deep Fascia.
A non elastic membrane formed of compact and regular collagen fibers.
The collagen fibers are well defined in the..
Limbs
The collagen fibers are very strong and thick in the …
Palm and sole
The collagen fibers are absent in the..
Face and anterior wall of the abdomen.
What are the functions of the Deep Fascia?
- Formation of broad sheets around groups of body muscle to give muscle attachment, fix underlying structures in position, help the venous return.
- Formation of inter-muscular septa and interosseous membranes: increase surface area for muscle attachment. Separate muscle groups that have separate actions and nerve supply.
- Formation of retinacula: localized transverse blood around wrist and ankle joints to keep tendons in position.
- Formation of palmar aponeurosis (palm) and plantar aponeurosis (sole): very thick layers of deep fascia to protect underlying vessels, nerves, and tendons.
- Formation of fibrous sheaths around big vessels. Eg. carotid sheath in the neck common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus.
What does the formation of broad sheets around muscle groups help with?
Muscle attachment, fix underlying structures in position, and help venous return.
What is the function of inter muscular septa and interosseous membranes.
Increase surface area for muscle attachment and separate different muscle groups that have different actions and nerve supply.
Where is the retinacula localized?
Localized transverse bands around the wrist and ankle joints.
What is the function of the retinacula?
Keep tendons in position.
What are the palmar aponeurosis and plantar aponeurosis?
Palmar = palm
Plantar = sole
They are very thick layers of fascia.
What are the functions of the palmar and plantar aponeurosis?
They protect underlying vessels, nerves, and tendons.
Give an example of fibrous sheaths around big vessels.
Carotid sheath in the neck around common carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus.
What does the knowledge of arrangement of deep fascia help with?
It helps explain the path taken by the infection when it spreads from its primary site. Eg. in the neck, infection can spread from the floor of the mouth to the larynx.
