Chapter 2 FC Flashcards by MomOneMoreGame S

Protons + _________ are in the nucleus of the atom.

Neutrons

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Protons have a __________ electric charge.

Positive

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Electrons have a __________ charge.

Negative

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Neutrons have no electrical _________.

Charge

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The electrons are in space around the nucleus in the what?

Electron cloud

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Atoms are extremely ________.

Small

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Who did an experiment to measure the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron?

J.J. Thomson

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J.J Thomson used electrical and magnetic fields to cause offsetting _____________ of cathode rays (electrons).

Deflection

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J.J. Thomson obtained the ________ charge-to-mass ratio with different cathodes in the cathode ray tube.

Same

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J.J. Thomson concluded that cathode ray particles are a fundamental particle of __________.

Matter

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Who determined the the charge-to-mass ratio of the electron (e/m).

J.J. Thomson

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Robert Millikan determines the charge on an electron in the what experiment?

Millikan oil drop experiment

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What were used to dislodge electrons from gaseous atoms that attached to oil drops and fell in the Millikan Oil Drop Experiment?

X-rays

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Millikan determines the amount of charge on every drop was always a multiple of _____________. (The charge on a single electron)

-1.6 x 10^-19 C (C=Coulombs)

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What is the charge on a single electron?

-1.6 x 10^-19 C

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What is the electron mass?

9.109389 x 10^-28 g

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The experimental evidence for protons existence came from cathode ray studies with what?

Cathodes with holes in them

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e/m ratio changes with the identity of the gas, with the largest e/m ratio for ____________ gas.

Hydrogen

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Other e/m ratios are always a multiple of __________ gas which suggest H+ as a fundamental particle called a __________.

Hydrogen

Proton

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What’s the number of a proton charge?

1.60217733 x 10^-19 C

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Who discovered neutrons in 1932 using nuclear reaction techniques?

J. Chadwick

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What’s the charge and mass of a neutron?

Charge=0

Mass= 1.6749286 x 10^-24 g

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The modern view of the atom was developed by who?

Ernest Rutherford

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All positive charge and most mass of the atom is concentrated where?

Nucleus

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All atoms of the same element have the same number of what in the nucleus?

Protons

The atomic number is found where on the symbol?

Above

The atomic weight is found where on the symbol?

Below

Carbon has 6 protons and 6 neutrons and has a mass standard of what?

12 atomic mass units

How do you find the mass number?

of protons + # of neutrons

An atom with a definite atomic number and a mass number is a what?

Nuclide

Although all boron atoms have 5 protons, they can have different numbers of __________.

Neutrons

Atoms of the same element but different mass numbers are what?

Isotopes

Boron 10 (10^B) has 5p and 5n, boron 11 (11^B) has 5p and ______.

Because of the existence of isotopes the mass of a collection or atoms has an __________ value.

Average

Average mass = Atomic ________.

Weight

How do we determine the fractional abundance of each isotope?

Use a mass spectrometer.

What is the atomic weight of an element formula?

Atomic weight = % of abundance of isotope 1/100 x (mass of isotope 1) + % abundance of isotope 2/100 x (mass of isotope 2)

What group on the period table are alkali metals?

Group 1

What group on the periodic table are alkaline earth metals?

Group 2

What group on the periodic table are halogens?

Group 17

What group on the periodic table are noble gases?

Group 18

Who developed the modern periodic table?

Demitri Mendelev

Element properties are periodic ___________ of their atomic number.

Functions

Elements are listed by increasing _________ number on the period table.

Atomic

Elements with similar physical and chemical properties lie in vertical columns called __________.

Groups

The A accompanied by the number in the group are considered what on the period table?

Main group elements

The B accompanied by the number in the group is considered what on the period table?

Transition elements

Horizontal rows on the periodic table are called what?

Periods

Elements in the two rows at the bottom of the periodic table are called what?

Inner transition elements

In the twos rows at the bottom of the periodic table, 58 through 71 are considered what?

Lanthanides

In the two rows at the bottom of the periodic table, 90 through 103 are the what?

Actinides

Elements to the _______ of the staircase line on the periodic table are metals, those to the ________ are nonmetals.

Left Right

The elements along the staircase line on the periodic table are considered what?

Metalloids (intermediate between metals and nonmetals)

What are solid at room temp and pressure, conduct electricity, are ductile and malleable, and forms alloys?

Metals

What exists as solids, liquids, or gases at room temp and pressure and are not conductors of electricity?

Nonmetals

What exhibits characteristics of both metals and nonmetals and are semiconductors of electricity?

Metalloids

What groups exhibit main group elements?

Groups 1, 2 and 13-18

What’s groups exhibit transition elements?

Groups 3-12

Elements in a group tend to have similar but not identical ____________.

Properties

Elements in a group tend to form similar ___________ with other elements.

Compounds

What are atoms or groups of atoms with a positive or negative charge?

Ions

Taking away 1 or more electrons from an atom gives a __________ with a positive charge.

Cation

Adding 1 or more electrons to an atom gives an __________ with a negative charge.

Anion

Metals lose electrons to form _________.

Cations

Nonmetals gain electrons to form __________.

Anions

The main group metals on the periodic table are in groups 1A through _____.

Main group metals form _________ with the same number of electrons as nearest noble gas.

Cations

Main group nonmetals on the periodic table are in groups 4A through ______.

Nonmetals form ________ with the same number of electrons as nearest noble gas.

Anions

What is the SI unit for measuring amount of a substance?

Mole (mol)

What is a Avagadro’s number?

6.022 x 10^23 particles

1 mole is how many particles? (Hint: Acagadro’s number)

6.022 x 10^23 particles

The molar mass of an element equals the mass in grams of 1 mole of ________ of that element (g/mol).

Atoms

You can use avagadros number as a conversion factor for number of ________ to number of atoms and vice versa.

Moles

We can use the molar mass of an element as a conversion factor for mass into number of _________ and vice versa.

Moles

I cubic centimeter equals 1 ___________.

Milliliter

Protons have a relative mass of _________ amu.

1.007

Electrons have a relative mass of ___________ amu.

0.0005

Neutrons have a relative mass of _________ amu.

1.009

1 Kelvin degree equals 1 __________ degree.

Celsius

Chapter 2 FC Flashcards

(80 cards)