Chapter 2 - Freud

Question 1

Aggressive drive

Answer 1

The compulsion to destroy, conquer, and kill.

Question 2

Anxiety

Answer 2

A feeling of fear and dread without an a virus cause: reality anxiety, neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety

Question 3

Reality anxiety

Answer 3

Fear of tangible dangers

Question 4

Neurotic anxiety

Answer 4

Conflict between ID and EGO

Question 5

Moral anxiety

Answer 5

Conflict between ID and SUPEREGO

Question 6

Case study

Answer 6

A detailed history of an individual that contains data from a variety of sources

Question 7

Castration anxiety

Answer 7

A boy’s fear during the Oedipal period that his penis will be cut off

Question 8

Catharsis

Answer 8

The expression of emotions that is expected to lead to the reduction of disturbing symptoms

Question 9

Cathexis

Answer 9

An investment of psychic energy in a object or person

Question 10

Complex

Answer 10

JUNG - core pattern of emotions, memories, perceptions, and wishes in the personal unconscious organized around a common theme, such as power or status

Question 11

Conflict

Answer 11

HORNEY - basic incompatibility of the neurotic trends

Question 12

Conscience

Answer 12

A component of the superego that contains behaviors for which the child has been punished

Question 13

Death instincts

Answer 13

The unconscious drive towards decay, destruction, and aggression

Question 14

Defense mechanisms

Answer 14

Strategies the ego use to defend itself against the anxiety provoked by conflicts of everyday life. Involve denials or distortions of reality

Question 15

Denial

Answer 15

Denying the existence of an external threat or traumatic event

Question 16

Displacement

Answer 16

Shifting ID impulses form a threatening object or from one that is unavailable to an object that is available; for example replacing hostility towards one’s boss with hostility toward one’s child

Question 17

Ego

Answer 17

FREUD - rational aspect of the personality, responsible for directing and controlling the instincts according to the reality principle

JUNG - conscious aspect of personality

Question 18

Ego-ideal

Answer 18

A component f the superego that contains the moral or ideal behaviors for which a person should strive

Question 19

Electra complex

Answer 19

During phallic stage (ages 4-5), the unconscious desire of a girl for her father, accompanied by a desire to replace or destroy her mother

Question 20

Fixation

Answer 20

A condition in which a portion of libido remains invested in one of the psychosexual stages because of excessive frustration or gratification

Question 21

Free association

Answer 21

A technique in which the patient says whatever comes to mind - kind of daydream out loud

Question 22

Id

Answer 22

The aspect of personality allied with instincts; the source of psychic energy, the I’d operates according to the pleasure principle

Question 23

Instincts

Answer 23

Mental representations of internal stimuli, such as hunger, that drive a person to take certain actions

Question 24

Latency period

Answer 24

Period from approx. age 5 to puberty, during which the sex instinct is dormant, sublimated in school activities, sports, and hobbies, and in developing friendships with members of the same sex

Question 25

Libido

Answer 25

FREUD - form of psychic energy, manifested by the life instincts that drives a person toward pleasurable behaviors and thoughts JUNG - broader and more generalized form of psychic energy

Question 26

Life instincts

Answer 26

The drive for ensuring survival of the individual and the species by satisfying the needs for food, water, air, and sex

Question 27

Oedipus Complex

Answer 27

During the phallic stage (ages 4-5) the unconscious desire of a boy for his mother, accompanied by a desire to replace or destroy his father

Question 28

Penis envy

Answer 28

The envy the female feels toward the male because the male possesses a penis; this is accompanied by a sense of loss because the female does not have a penis

Question 29

Pleasure principle

Answer 29

The principle by which the ID functions to avoid pain and maximize pleasure

Question 30

Primary-process thought

Answer 30

Childlike thinking by which the ID attempts to satisfy the instinctual drives

Question 31

Projection

Answer 31

Attributing a disturbing impulse to someone else

Question 32

Psychoanalysis

Answer 32

Freud’s theory of personality and system of therapy for treating mental disorders

Question 33

Psychosexual stages of development

Answer 33

Oral, anal, phallic, and gentian stages through which all children pass. In these stages, gratification of the ID instincts depend on the stimulation of corresponding areas of the body

Question 34

Punishment

Answer 34

The application of an assertive stimulus following a response in an effort to decrease the likelihood that the response will recur

Question 35

Rationalization

Answer 35

A defense mechanism that involves reinterpreting our behavior to make it more acceptable and less threatening to us

Question 36

Reaction formation

Answer 36

Expressing ID impulse that is the opposite of the one that is truly driving the person

Question 37

Regression

Answer 37

Retreating to an earlier, less frustrating period of life and displaying the usually childish behaviors characteristic of that more secure time

Question 38

Repression

Answer 38

Unconscious denial of the existence of something that causes anxiety

Question 39

Resistance

Answer 39

In free association, a blockage or refusal to disclose painful memories

Question 40

Secondary-process thought

Answer 40

Mature thought processes needed to deal rationally with the external world

Question 41

Sublimation

Answer 41

Altering or displacing ID impulses by diverting instinctual energy into socially acceptable behaviors

Question 42

Subliminal perception

Answer 42

Perception below the threshold of conscious awareness

Question 43

Superego

Answer 43

Moral aspect of personality; the internalization of parental and societal values and standards

Question 44

Id

Answer 44

Aspect of personality allied with instincts; the source of psychic energy, the id operates according to the pleasure principle