Chapter 2- Medication Administration Flashcards by bebeth Germain

Q

5 stages of Medication Administration

A

A) Ordering/Prescribing
B) Transcribing and Verifying
C) Dispensing and Delivering
D) Administering
E) Monitoring and Reporting

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Q

High-alert medications

A

Medications that have the highest risk of causing injury when misused

Ex. Heparin, Insulin, Injectable Potassium Chloride, Opiates and Narcotics, Neuromuscular Drugs, and Chemotherapy Drugs.

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Q

Medication Reconciliation

A

A process that includes developing a list of all current medications that a patient is taking, making a list of medications to be prescribed, comparing the lists and making clinical decisions

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Q

Six Rights of Medication Administration

A

Right Drug
Right Dose
Right route and form
Right time
Right patient
Right documentation

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Q

Generic name

A

The official accepted name of a drug as listed in the U.S. Pharmacopeia

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Q

Trade name

A

Prominently displayed and followed by the trademark symbol (TM) or the registration symbol

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Q

Dosage strength

A

Indicates the amount of drug in a specific unit of measurement

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Q

National Drug Code (NDC)

A

Unique identification number on a drug label and barcode

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Q

Standard Adult Dosage

A

A drug dosage determined by its manufacturer

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Q

Body surface area

A

An estimate of the total skin area of a person measured in meters squared

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Q

Safe dosage range

A

The minimum and maximum recommended dosages given to a patient

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Q

Form

A

Tablets, capsules, liquids, suppositories, creams, patches, and injectable medications

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Q

Route

A

The site of the body and method of drug delivery

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Q

Enteric coated tablet

A

Tablets meant to dissolve in the intestine rather than in the stomach

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Q

PO

A

By mouth

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Q

NPO

A

Not by mouth

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Q

Capsule

A

A gelatin case containing a powder, a liquid, or granules

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Q

Sustained Release

A

Tablets or capsules slowly release a controlled amount of medication into the body over a period of time

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Q

Extended Release (ER or XL)

A

Tablets or capsules slowly release a controlled amount of medication into the body over a period of time

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Q

Delayed-release (DR)

A

Tablets or capsules slowly release a controlled amount of medication into the body over a period of time

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Q

Controlled-release (CR)

A

Tablets or capsules slowly release a controlled amount of medication into the body over a period of time

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Q

Long-acting (LA)

A

Tablets or capsules slowly release a controlled amount of medication into the body over a period of time

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Q

Buccal route

A

Administration are absorbed by the mucosa of the mouth (between cheek and teeth)

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Q

Sublingual (SL)

A

Administration are absorbed under the tongue

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Syrup

A medication dissolved in a sugar and water solution

Exilir

An alcohol solution

Suspension

Consists of an insoluble drug in a liquid base

NG

Nasogastric

GT

Gastronomy

PEG

Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy tube

Parenteral Medications

Medications injected (via needle) into the body by various routes

Epidural

In the lumbar region of the spine

Intramuscular (IM)

Into the muscle

Subcutaneous (subcut)

Into the subcutaneous tissue

Intravenous (IV)

Into the vein

Intradermal (ID)

Directly beneath the skin

Intracardiac (IC)

Into the cardiac muscle

Intrathecal

Into the spinal column or in the space under the arachnoid membrane of the brain or spinal cord

Cutaneous Medication

Medications administered through the skin or mucous membrane

Topical

Administered on the skin surface

Local effect

Drugs that are absorbed slowly and amounts reaching the general circulation are minimal

Systemic effect

Drugs that provide a slow release and absorption in the general circulation

Transdermal

Medication contained in a patch or disk and applied to the skin (for their systemic effect)

Inhalation

Breathed into the respiratory tract through the nose or mouth. Ex. Nebulizers, dry powder inhalers, and metered dose inhalers (MDI)

Nebulizer

Vaporizes a liquid medication into a fine mist that can then be inhaled

Solutions and ointments

Applied to the mucosa of the eyes, nose, ears, or mouth

DPI

Small device used for solid drugs

MDI

Uses a propellant to deliver a measured dose of medication with each inhalation

Suppositories

Are shaped for insertion into a body cavity (vagina, rectum, or urethra) and dissolve at a body temperature

GT

Gastrostomy tube

ID

Intradermal

IM

Intramuscular

IV

Intravenous

IVP

Intravenous push

IVPB

Intravenous Piggyback

NGT

Nasogastric tube

PEG

Per cutaneous

PR

By rectum

SL

Sublingual

Subcut

Subcutaneously

Supp

Suppository

ac

Before meals

ad lib

as desired

B.I.D. or b.i.d.

Two times a day

h,hr

hour

hs

at bedtime

pc

after meals

prn

whenever needed or necessary

q

daily

Q.I.D. or q.i.d.

four times per day

Stat

Immediately

T.I.D. or t.i.d.

three times per day

c

with

CR

controlled release

cap

Capsule

d.a.w.

dispense as written

DR

delayed release

ER

extended release

g

gram

gr

grain

gtt

Drop

Kg

Kilogram

L

liter

LA

long acting

mcg

microgram

mg

milligram

mL

milliliter

NKDA

no known drug allergies

s

without

Sig

directions to patient

Susp

suspension

SR

sustained release

t or tsp

teaspoon

T or tbs

Tablespoon

tab

Tablet

XL or XR

extended release

Medication Order sequence

Drug Name Dose Route Frequency

Routine Order

Ordered drug is administered until a discontinuation order is written or specified date is reached

Standing Order

Prescribed in anticipation of sudden changes in a patients condition

Stat Order

Administered immediately, written for emergencies

Medication Administration Record (MAR)

A form used by healthcare facilities to document all drugs administered to a patient

controlled substances

Drugs that lead to abuse or dependence

Schedule I Drugs

Those drugs with the highest potential for abuse Ex. Marijuana, heroin

Schedule V Drugs

Those drugs with the lowest potential for abuse Ex. Cough medications containing codeine