Chapter 2: Networking Standards & the OSI Model

Question 1

Network address

Answer 1

Unique identifiers applicable to specific network computers; the network address identifies the data packet’s intended recipient

Question 2

Network protocol

Answer 2

Establishes the guidelines and conventions to send and receive messages formatted as data packets

Question 3

Data packet

Answer 3

a container used to convey data or information via TCP/IP or similar protocol; the data packet contains (among other information) the IP address of the intended recipient, source data, and network information.

Question 4

Header

Answer 4

packet origin and packet destination information.

Question 5

What follows the header section in a packet?

Answer 5

Message body (payload)

Question 6

What does the footer (trailer) contain?

Answer 6

Ending or termination instructions

Question 7

The process of sending and receiving data packets is called

Answer 7

Packet-switching

Question 8

This IPv4 field denotes how long the packet will be active before it is deleted

Answer 8

Time to live

Question 9

Which part of a data packet typically contains an error-checking algorithm?

Answer 9

Both the header and footer

Question 10

Which descriptive term best describes reception quality when impacted by ‘packet loss’?

Answer 10

Poor

Question 11

Which protocol below is used to format most data packets for transmission over the Internet?

Answer 11

TCP/IP

Question 12

Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model

Answer 12

Describes how data is sent and received over a network

Question 13

What are the seven layers of the OSI model

Answer 13

Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical

Question 14

application layer

Answer 14

the software that the end user interacts with

Question 15

presentation layer

Answer 15

defines the format the data uses as it is transmitted

Question 16

session layer

Answer 16

responsible for (flow control) allowing ongoing communication between two parties across the network.

Question 17

transport layer

Answer 17

ensures that error-free data is given to the user

Question 18

network layer

Answer 18

splits up long messages into smaller bits of data, often referred to as packets.

Question 19

data link layer

Answer 19

moves information from one computer or network to another computer or network

Question 20

physical layer

Answer 20

provides the physical connection between the computer and network. Servers, clients, and circuits.

Question 21

Which organization created the suggested standard for communications that describes how data is sent and received over a network?

Answer 21

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

Question 22

protocols

Answer 22

The set of rules or procedures for handling data or information transfer

Question 23

In the OSI model, the hyperlink uses a(n) _____ to name the pages on the web.

Answer 23

Uniform Resource Locator

Question 24

In the OSI model, the application layer is:

Answer 24

the seventh layer

Question 25

In the OSI model, what does the application layer do?

Answer 25

This layer actively interacts with the operating system or application when the user decides to transfer files, read messages, or perform network-related activities.

Question 26

The presentation layer of the OSI model translates data into an acceptable format usable by which layer?

Answer 26

The application layer

Question 27

In some situations, the presentation layer of the OSI model may have two sub-layers associated with its operation.

Answer 27

CASE and SASE

Question 28

Among others, what are the two primary networking features managed by the presentation layer of the OSI model?

Answer 28

Protocols and architecture

Question 29

The presentation layer of the OSI model is responsible for integrating all data formats into what type of form?

Answer 29

Acceptable and compatible

Question 30

Presentation layer

Answer 30

Responsible for translating, encrypting, and compressing data within the OSI model.

Question 31

The API that allows applications on separate computers to communicate over a LAN is:

Answer 31

NetBIOS

Question 32

Among other communicative tasks, the session layer also terminates:

Answer 32

sessions between software processes

Question 33

The session layer provides communicative support to which two OSI layers?

Answer 33

Presentation and transport

Question 34

Session layer

Answer 34

Establishes, manages, and terminates communicative sessions.

Question 35

Which of the following identifies the protocol or protocols available to the session layer for standardizing communications on a network?

Answer 35

TCP/IP

Question 36

Multiplexing is facilitated by the _____ computer and demultiplexing is facilitated by the _____ computer.

Answer 36

sending; receiving

Question 37

The transport layer performs data packet creation and

Answer 37

Error checking

Question 38

At the 'sending' computer, the transport layer provides input to

Answer 38

The network layer

Question 39

At the 'receiving' computer, the transport layer provides input to

Answer 39

The session layer

Question 40

Which protocol provides error recovery and flow control services for the transport layer?

Answer 40

TCP

Question 41

IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) works by

Answer 41

Encrypting and authenticating each packet

Question 42

The network layer converts:

Answer 42

Logical addresses into physical addresses

Question 43

In which part of the OSI Model is the physical layer?

Answer 43

Bottom Layer

Question 44

An NIC is used for

Answer 44

Connecting a computer to a network.

Question 45

In the OSI physical layer, data is transmitted in the form of

Answer 45

both optical and electromagnetic signals

Question 46

half-duplex

Answer 46

Data is transmitted in both directions but not at the same time.