Chapter 2 - Organization of the Body

Question 1

circulatory system

Answer 1

heart, blood, blood vessels (veins, arteries, cappilaries); transports blood throughout body

Question 2

lymphatic system

Answer 2

lymph vessels & nodes; carry clear fluid (lymph)

Question 3

what does lymph do?

Answer 3

contains WBC (lymphocytes) that fight against disease +immunity

Question 4

digestive system

Answer 4

mouth, stomach, intestines; brings food into body & breaks it down so it can enter blood stream

Question 5

endocrine system

Answer 5

glands; sends chemical messengers (hormones) into blood to act on other glands and organs

Question 6

examples of glands

Answer 6

thyroid gland, adrenal gland, pituitary gland

Question 7

female and male reproductive systems

Answer 7

produce cells (egg + sperm = embryo), testes and ovaries produce hormones

Question 8

muscoloskeletal system

Answer 8

muscles, bone, joints, cartilage; support body and allow it to move

Question 9

nervous system

Answer 9

carries electrical messages to and from brain and spinal cord

Question 10

respiratory system

Answer 10

trachea, bronchial tubes, lungs; controls breathing

Question 11

skin and sense organ system

Answer 11

skin, eyes, ears; receives messages from enviro & sends to brain

Question 12

urinary system

Answer 12

produces urine & sends it out of body through kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra

Question 13

cranial cavity

Answer 13

located in head, surrounded by skull; contains brain, pituitary gland

Question 14

thoracic cavity

Answer 14

chest cavity; surrounded by breast bone & ribs, contains lungs, heart, windpipe, bronchial tubes, etc

Question 15

pleura

Answer 15

double membrane that surrounds lungs

Question 16

pleural cavity

Answer 16

space between pleural membrane

Question 17

mediastinum

Answer 17

large area between lungs

Question 18

what organs are in the mediastinum

Answer 18

heart, esophagus, trachea and bronchial tubes

Question 19

abdominal cavity

Answer 19

space below thoracic cavity; separated by diaphragm, organs include: stomach, liver, gallbladder, S+L intestines

Question 20

peritoneum

Answer 20

double membrane that surrounds organs in the abdomen; attaches abdominal organs to abdominal muscles

Question 21

pelvic cavity

Answer 21

surrounded by pelvis, major organs include: urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum, anus, uterus

Question 22

ureter

Answer 22

tube from kidney to bladder

Question 23

urethra

Answer 23

tube from bladder to outside

Question 24

spinal cavity

Answer 24

space surrounded by spinal column, spinal cord is nervous tissue within spinal cavity, nerves enter & leave spinal cord carrying messages to and from body

Question 25

spinal column

Answer 25

long row of bones from neck to tailbone

Question 26

vertabra(e)

Answer 26

each bone in spinal column (+ plural)

Question 27

disk/disc

Answer 27

flexible connective tissue between each backbone, composed of cartilage

Question 28

cartilage

Answer 28

composes cartilage, cushion between bones

Question 29

cervical

Answer 29

7 bones (C1-C7)

Question 30

thoracic

Answer 30

12 bones (T1-12)

Question 31

lumbar

Answer 31

5 bones (L1-L5)

Question 32

sacral

Answer 32

5 fused bones (S1-S5)

Question 33

coccygeal

Answer 33

4 fused bones

Question 34

frontal

Answer 34

(coronal); divides body/part into anterior and posterior portions

Question 35

sagital

Answer 35

(lateral) divides into right and left sidesm

Question 36

midsagittal

Answer 36

divides body into right and left halves

Question 37

transverse

Answer 37

(axial), horizontal plane, divides into upper & lower cross section

Question 38

MRI

Answer 38

magnetic resonance imaging; magnetic waves instead of x-rays

Question 39

IOR

Answer 39

pertaining to

Question 40

EAL

Answer 40

pertaining to

Question 41

AR

Answer 41

pertaining to

Question 42

abdomin/o

Answer 42

abdomen

Question 43

anter/o

Answer 43

front

Question 44

bronch/o

Answer 44

bronchial tubes

Question 45

cervic/o

Answer 45

neck of body/uterus

Question 46

chondr/o

Answer 46

cartilage

Question 47

coccyg/o

Answer 47

coccyx, tailbone

Question 48

crani/o

Answer 48

skull

Question 49

epitheli/o

Answer 49

skin, surface tissue

Question 50

esophag/o

Answer 50

esophagus

Question 51

hepat/o

Answer 51

liver

Question 52

lapar/o

Answer 52

abdomen

Question 53

laryng/o

Answer 53

larynx

Question 54

later/o

Answer 54

side

Question 55

lumb/o

Answer 55

loin (waist)

Question 56

lymph/o

Answer 56

lymph

Question 57

mediastin/o

Answer 57

mediastinum

Question 58

pelv/o

Answer 58

pelvis

Question 59

peritone/o

Answer 59

peritoneum

Question 60

pharyng/o

Answer 60

pharynx

Question 61

pleur/o

Answer 61

pleura

Question 62

poster/o

Answer 62

back,behind

Question 63

radi/o

Answer 63

x-rays

Question 64

sacr/o

Answer 64

sacrum

Question 65

spin/o

Answer 65

spine

Question 66

thorac/o

Answer 66

chest

Question 67

trache/o

Answer 67

trachea

Question 68

vertebr/o

Answer 68

vertebra