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HIT 117 > Chapter 2 - Organization of the Body > Flashcards

Chapter 2 - Organization of the Body Flashcards

(109 cards)

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1
Q

Individual units found in all parts of the human body

A

cells

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2
Q

Similar cells grouped together to do a specific job

A

tissues

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3
Q

tructures composed of several kinds of tissue

A

organs

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4
Q

Groups of organs working together to perform complex functions

A

systems

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5
Q

Heart, blood, and blood vessels

A

circulatory system

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6
Q

Brings food into the body and breaks it down so it can enter the bloodstream

A

digestive system

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7
Q

Composed of glands; sends chemical messengers called hormones into the blood

A

endocrine system

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8
Q

Produce the cells that join to form the embryo

A

female and male reproductive system

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9
Q

including muscles, bones, joints, and connective tissues; supports the body and allows it to move

A

Musculoskeletal System

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10
Q

Carries electrical messages to and from the brain and spinal cord

A

nervous system

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11
Q

Controls breathing, a process in which air enters and leaves the body

A

respiratory system

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12
Q

Including the skin and eyes and ears; receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain

A

skin and sense organ system

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13
Q

Produces urine and sends it out of the body through the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.

A

urinary system

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14
Q

Organs include brain

A

cranial cavity

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15
Q

Organs include lungs and heart

A

thoracic cavity

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16
Q

Organs include stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, and pancreas

A

abdominal cavity

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17
Q

Organs include the urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum and anus, and the uterus

A

pelvic cavity

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18
Q

Spinal column and nerves of the spinal cord

A

spinal cavity

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19
Q

diaphragm

A

muscle that separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities

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20
Q

mediastinum

A

space between the lungs

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21
Q

pelvis

A

bones of the hip

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22
Q

peritoneum

A

double membrane that cover the abdomen

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23
Q

pleura

A

double membrane that surrounds the lungs

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24
Q

A vertical plane that divides the body or body part, such as an organ, into front and back portions

A

frontal (coronal) plane

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25
* Another type of vertical plane that divides the body or organ into right and left sides * The midsagittal plane divides the body vertically into right and left halves.
sagittal (lateral) plane
26
A horizontal plane that divides the body or organ into upper and lower portions, as in a cross-section
transverse (axial) plane
27
abdomin/o
abdomen
28
anter/o
front
29
bronch/o
bronchial tubes
30
cervic/o
neck of the body of neck of the uterus
31
chondr/o
cartilage
32
coccyg/o
coccyx, tailbone
33
crani/o
skull
34
epitheli/o
skin, surface tissue
35
esophag/o
esophagus
36
hepat/o
liver
37
lapar/o
abdomen
38
laryng/o
larynx (voice box)
39
later/o
side
40
lumb/o
loin or waist
41
lymph/o
lymph (clear fluid in tissue spaces and lymph vessels)
42
mediastin/o
mediastinum
43
pelv/o
pelvis
44
peritone/o
peritoneum
45
pharyng/o
pharynx
46
pleur/o
pleura
47
poster/o
back, behind
48
sacr/o
sacrum
49
spin/o
spine
50
thorac/o
chest
51
trache/o
trachea (windpipe)
52
vertebr/o
vertebra (backbone)
53
female endocrine organ
ovary
54
space below the diaphragm
abdomen
55
pertaining to the chest
thoracic
56
procedure necessary for brain surgery; incision of the skull
craniotomy
57
radi/o
x-rays
58
produces urine and sends it out of the body
urinary
59
secretes hormones that are carried by blood to other organs
endocrine
60
supports the body and helps it move
musculoskeletal
61
takes food into the body and breaks it down to be absorbed into the bloodstream
digestive
62
transports blood containing nutrients, gases, and other substances through the body
circulatory
63
moves air into and out of the body
respiratory
64
produces the cells that unite to form a new baby
reproductive
65
receives messages from the environment and sends them to the brain
skin and sense organs
66
carries electrical messages to and from the brain and spinal cord
nervous
67
space located within the bones of the hip
pelvic (urinary, bladder, uterus)
68
space located within the skull
cranial (brain
69
space located within the abdomen
abdominal (stomach)
70
space located within the backbones
spinal (spinal cord)
71
space located within the chest
thoracic (lungs, heart)
72
the muscle separating the chest and the abdomen is the
diaphragm
73
the membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen is the
peritoneum
74
the membrane surrounding the lungs is the
pleura
75
the space between the lungs in the chest is the
mediastinum
76
the space that contains organs such as the stomach, liver, gallbladder, and intestines is the
abdomen
77
the backbones are the
spinal column
78
the nerves running down the back form the
spinal cord
79
a single backbone is a
vertebra
80
a piece of cartilage in between two backbones is a
disk (disc)
81
5 divisions of the spinal column from the neck to the tailbone
1. cervical 2. thoracic 3. lumbar 4. sacral 5. coccygael
82
pertaining to the back
posterior
83
pertaining to the front
anteior
84
an imaging study that uses magnetic waves; all three planes of the body are viewed
MRI
85
flexible connective tissue found between bones at joints
cartilage
86
series of cross-sectional x-ray images
CT scan
87
pertaining to the mediastinum (the space between the lungs)
mediastinal
88
incision of the trachea
tracheotomy
89
pertaining to the neck of the body, or neck of the uterus
cerivcal
90
lymph cell
lymphocyte
91
pertaining to the side
lateral
92
visual examination of bronchial tubes using an endoscope
bronchoscopy
93
malignant tumor of cartilage
chondrosarcoma
94
study of x-rays
radiology
95
pertaining to the tailbone
coccygael
96
pertaining to skin cells
epithelial
97
pertaining to the tube from the throat to stomach
esophogael
98
visual examination of the abdomen
laparoscopy
99
incision of the abdomen
laparotomy
100
pertaining to the voice box
laryngael
101
pertaining to the loin region below the thoracic vertebrae
lumbar
102
pertaining to the throat
pharyngael
103
inflammation of the membrane surrounding the lungs
pleuritis
104
pertaining to the sacrum
sacral
105
incision of the chest
thoractomy
106
pertaining to backbones
vertebral
107
benign tumor of cartilagge
chondroma
108
malignant tumor of cartilage
chondrosarcoma
109
one of two tubes that lead from the kidney to the urinary bladder
ureter

HIT 117 (11 decks)

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