Chapter 2 Quiz

Question 1

Define matter

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and takes up space

Question 2

What can matter be described by?

Answer 2

its extensive and intensive properties

Question 3

define extensive properties

Answer 3

depend on the amount of matter

Question 4

define mass

Answer 4

the amount of matter that an object contains

Question 5

define volume

Answer 5

amount of space taken up by an object

Question 6

define intensive properties

Answer 6

depend on the type of matter in a sample not the amount of matter

Question 7

what is included in intensive properties

Answer 7

physical properties (hardness, color, odor, conductivity, solubility, melting point, boiling point, and malleability)

Question 8

define substance

Answer 8

matter that has a uniform and definite composition

Question 9

all samples in substance have identical _______ properties

Answer 9

intensive

Question 10

define physical property

Answer 10

• quality or condition of a substance that can be observed without changing the substances composition
• can be reversible (boiling water) and irreversible (cracking an egg)

Question 11

All atoms are in _______ _____

Answer 11

constant motion

Question 12

what are the states of matter?

Answer 12

gas, solid, liquid, plasma (also determines rate at which atoms move)

Question 13

Solid

Answer 13

• definite shape & volume
• atoms vibrate in place
• slight expansion upon heating
• almost incompressable

Question 14

liquid

Answer 14

• definite volume & indefinite shape
• atoms vibrate in place
• slight expansion upon heating
• almost incompressable

Question 15

Gas

Answer 15

• indefinite shape and indefinite shape
• particles moving very rapidly
• great expansion upon heating
• readily compressable

Question 16

define vapor

Answer 16

gaseous state of substance that is generally a liquid/solid at room temperature

Question 17

define mixture

Answer 17

physical blend of 2+ substances

Question 18

define phase

Answer 18

any part of a mixture with uniform composition and properties

Question 19

define heterogeneous mixture

Answer 19

-not uniform in composition
-contains 2+ phases
EX: pizza

Question 20

define homogeneous mixture

Answer 20

-completely uniform in composition
-AKA solution
-contians 1 phase
EX: kool aid

Question 21

define suspension

Answer 21

(heterogeneous mixture) not uniform in composition

EX: muddy water

Question 22

define solution

Answer 22

(homogeneous mixture) completely uniform composition

EX: vinegar, soda

Question 23

define colloid

Answer 23

mixture of substances that normally mix together

EX: mayo, jello

Question 24

name the methods of separating mixtures

Answer 24

• magnets: uses magnetism
• filter: separates particles from smaller ones
• distillation: uses boiling point
• chromatography: separation of mixtures by passing it through a suspension
• electrolysis: passing an electric current through a solution containing ions
• crystallization: transform into a crystal
• centrifuge: uses density

Question 25

can elements be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means?

Answer 25

no

Question 26

define compound

Answer 26

substance that contains 2+ elements chemically combined in fixed proportions

Question 27

can compounds be separated? If so, how?

Answer 27

chemical means

Question 28

properties of a compound are ___________ from those of their component elements

Answer 28

different | EX: sugar

Question 29

complete a chart of classifying matter

Answer 29

Matter> substance> element & compound | > mixture of substances> homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture

Question 30

define chemical symbol

Answer 30

1/2 representation of the element - first letter is always CAPITALIZED - second letter is always lowercase

Question 31

define chemical reaction

Answer 31

1+ substances change into 1+ new substances

Question 32

define reactant

Answer 32

starting substance

Question 33

define product

Answer 33

the substances formed

Question 34

identify possible clues to a chemical reaction

Answer 34

- transfer of energy - change of color - production of gas - formation of precipitate (solid that forms from a liquid mixture)

Question 35

define chemical properties

Answer 35

the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change to form a new substance EX: cooking

Question 36

physical changes ____ result in a new substance | chemical changes result in a ___ substance

Answer 36

1. never | 2. new

Question 37

during any physical/chemical change, the mass of products is always ...

Answer 37

equal to the mass of the reactant

Question 38

mass is neither ___ or ___

Answer 38

created, destroyed

Question 39

define Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 39

in any physical/chemical change, mass is conserved

Question 40

are states of matter considered physical properties

Answer 40

yes

Question 41

elements are the _________________ that can exist under normal lab conditions

Answer 41

simplest form of matter