Chapter 2 Self And Personality

Question 1

What serves as the basis of our self

Answer 1

Our interaction with other people, our experiences, and the meaning we give to them, serve as the basis of our self

Question 2

In light of what the structure of self is modifiable

Answer 2

The structure of self is modifiable in the light of our own experiences and the experiences we have of other people

Question 3

Define personal identity

Answer 3

Personal identity refers to those attributes of a person that make her/him different from others

Question 4

Define social identity

Answer 4

Social identity refers to those aspects of a person that link her/him to a social or cultural group or are derived from it.

Question 5

Define self

Answer 5

Self refers to the totality of an individual’s conscious experiences, ideas, thoughts and feelings with regard to herself or himself

Question 6

What is the dual status of self

Answer 6

• Self can be understood as a subject as well as an object
• As a subject (actor) the self actively engages in the process of knowing itself.
• As an object (consequence) the self gets observed and comes to be known

Question 7

Social self is also known as

Answer 7

familial or relational self

As this self values family and social relationships

Question 8

Personal self

Answer 8

The personal self leads to an orientation in which one feels primarily concerned with oneself

Question 9

Biological self

Answer 9

Biological needs lead to the development of a biological self

Biological self in the context of social cultural environment modifies itself

Example: while you may feel hungry for a chocolate, an Eskimo may not

Question 10

Social self

Answer 10

It emerges in relation with others and emphasises such aspects of life as ,cooperation ,unity ,affiliation sacrifice ,support or sharing

This self values family and social relationships

Question 11

Define self concept

Answer 11

The way we perceive ourselves and the ideas we hold about our competencies and attributes is called self concept

Question 12

What is the most frequently used method to find out an individual’s self concept

Answer 12

Asking the person about herself/himself

Question 13

Define self-esteem

Answer 13

As persons we always make some judgement about our own value or worth. This value judgement of a person about herself/himself is called self-esteem

Question 14

By the age of 6 to 7 years children form self-esteem in which areas

Answer 14

1) Academic competence
2) Social competence
3) Physical/athletic competence
4) Physical appearance

Question 15

What is an overall sense of self-esteem

Answer 15

A capacity to view ourselves in terms of stable dispositions permits us to combine separate self evaluations into a general psychological image of ourselves. This is known as an overall sense of self-esteem

Question 16

Self-esteem shows a strong relationship with ____________

Answer 16

Self esteem shows a strong relationship with our everyday behaviour

Question 17

What helps in the development of high self-esteem among children

Answer 17

Warm and positive parenting helps in the development of high self-esteem among children as it allows them to know that they are accepted as competent and worthwhile

Question 18

On what is the notion of self efficacy based on?

Answer 18

Bandura’s social learning theory

Question 19

What is self efficacy

Answer 19

Self efficacy is Bandura’s term for the individuals beliefs about her or his own effectiveness; the expectation that one can master a situation and produce positive results

Question 20

What is self-regulation

Answer 20

Self-regulation refers to our ability to organise and monitor our own behaviour

Question 21

What is self control

Answer 21

Learning to delay or defer the gratification of needs is called self control

Question 22

What are the techniques of self control

Answer 22

1) Observation of own behaviour
2) Self instruction
3) Self reinforcement