Chapter 2 Self Perception Flashcards
(83 cards)
1
Q
Self
A
Is total of who a person is; a persons inner force
2
Q
Self concept
A
A persons subjective description of who he or she is.
3
Q
Self esteem
A
Your self worth
4
Q
Face work
A
Using communication to maintain your own positive self perception to support, reinforce, or challenge someone else’s self perception
5
Q
Face
A
A persons positive perception of himself or herself in interactions with others.
6
Q
What shapes self concept?
A
- attitudes
- beliefs
- values
7
Q
Attitude
A
Learned predisposition to respond to a person,object or idea in a favorable or unfavorable way.
-likes and dislikes
8
Q
Beliefs
A
Way in which you structure your understanding of reality.
-what is true or false
9
Q
Values
A
Enduring concept of good and bad.
-right or wrong
10
Q
Mindfulness
A
Conscious awareness
11
Q
Material self
A
Concept of self as reflected in the total of all the tangible things you own
12
Q
Social self
A
Concept of self as reflected in social interactions with others
13
Q
Spiritual self
A
Concept of self based on thoughts and introspections about personal values, moral standards and beliefs
14
Q
Three levels of self-awareness
A
- subjective:differentiating ourselves from our environment
- objective: being the object of your own thoughts/attention
- symbolic using a gauge to represent ourselves to others
15
Q
Looking glass self
A
Concept that suggest you Lear who you are based on your interactions with others, who reflect your self back to you.
16
Q
Extraversion
A
Outgoing,talkative, positive, and sociable
17
Q
Agreeableness
A
Friendly, compassionate, trusting, and cooperative
18
Q
Conscientiousness
A
Efficient, organized, self-disciplined, dutiful, and methodical
19
Q
Neuroticism
A
Nervous, insecure, emotionally distressed, and anxious
20
Q
Openness
A
Curious,imaginative, creative, adventurous, and inventive
21
Q
Communibiological approach
A
Perspective that suggests that genetic and biological influences play a major role in influencing communication behavior
22
Q
Social learning theory
A
A theory that suggests people can adapt and adjust their behavior toward others
23
Q
Maslow’s four stages of self-awareness
A
- unconscious incompetence-you don’t know what you don’t know
- conscious incompetence- you know what you don’t know.
- Conscious competence- you know that you know, but not yet a habit
- unconscious competence-skill/ability is second nature/habit. You don’t have to think about it.
24
Q
Emotion
A
A biological, cognitive, behavioral and subjective reaction to an event
25
Politeness theory
Avoid face threatening acts-deliver negative messages in a way to allow recipient to save face-compliment others
26
Symbolic interaction theory
People make sense of the world based on their interpretation of words of symbols used by others
27
Self and interpersonal needs
- inclusion
- control
- affection
28
Self disclosure to others
How much of your inner self are you willing/able to share
29
Self and communication style/Myers Briggs personality inventory
1. thinkers
2. feelers
3. intuiters
4. Sensors
30
Assertiveness
Tendency to make requests ask for information and pursue one's own rights and best interests
31
Responsiveness
Tendency to be sensitive to the needs of others
32
Perception
Process of experiencing the world and making sense out of what you experience
33
Interpersonal perception
Passive;no conscious effort
| Active; intentional observation and questioning
34
Selecting
We select certain sensations on which to focus awareness
35
Organizing
In which we assemble stimuli into convenient and efficient patterns
36
Interpreting
In which we assign meaning to what we have observed
37
Interpersonal perception
Process of selecting, organizing and interpreting your observations of other people
38
Selective exposure
Tendency to put ourselves in situations that reinforce our attitudes,beliefs, values, or behaviors
39
Selective recall
Process that occurs when we remember things we want to remember and forget or repress things that are unpleasant, uncomfortable or unimportant
40
Thin slicing
Observing a small sample of someone's behavior and then making a generalization about what the person is like based on samples.
41
Organizing
Creation of categories linking together the categories we've created
42
Cognitive schema
A mental framework used to organize and categorize human experiences
43
Superimpose
To place a familiar structure on information you select
44
Punctuation
Process of making sense out of stimuli by grouping, divining, organizing , separating, and categorizing information
45
Closure
Process of filling in missing information or gaps in what we perceive.
46
Attachment style
A style of relating to others that develops early in life, based on the emotional bond one forms with one's parents or primary caregiver
47
Secure attachment style
The style of relating to others that is characteristic of those who are comfortable giving and receiving affection, experiencing intimacy, and trusting other people
48
Anxious attachment style
The style of relating to others that is characteristic of those who experience anxiety in some intimate relationship and feel uncomfortable giving and receiving affection
49
Avoidant attachment style
The style of relating to others that is characteristic of those who consistently experience discomfort and awkwardness in intimate relationships and who therefore avoid such relationships
50
Androgynous role
Gender role that includes both masculine and feminine qualities
51
Self. Relexivness
Ability to think about what you are doing while you are doing it
52
Psychology
The study of how a persons thinking and emotional responses influence their behavior
53
Personality
A set of enduring behavioral characteristics and internal predispositions for reacting to your environment
54
Social support
Expression of empathy and concern for others that is communicated while listening to them and offering positive and encouraging words
55
Talk therapy
Technique i which a person describes his or her problems and concerns to a shrilled listener in order to better understand the emotions and issues creating the problems
56
Symbolic interaction theory
Theory that people make sense of the world based on their interpretation of words or symbols used by others
57
Self-fulfilling prophecy
Prediction about future actions that is likely to come true because the person believes that it will come true
58
Need for inclusion
Interpersonal need to Be included ad to include others in social activities
59
Need for control
Interpersonal need for some Degree of influence in our relationships, as well as the need to be controlled
60
Need for affection
Interpersonal need to give ad receive love, support, warmth, and intimacy
61
Self-disclosure
Purposefully providing information about yourself to others that they would not Learn if you did to tell them
62
Communication social style
An identifiable way of habitually communicating with others
63
Passive perception
Perception that occurs without conscious effort, simply in response to one's surrounding.
64
Active perception
Perception that occurs because you seek out specific information through intentional observation and questioning
65
Impressions
Collection of perceptions about others that you maintain and use to interpret their behaviors
66
Impression formation theory
Theory that explains how you develop perceptions about people and how you maintain and use those perceptions to interpret their behaviors
67
Construct
Bipolar quality or continuum used to classify people
68
Primacy effect
Tendency to attend to the first pieces of information observed about another person in order to form an impression
69
Predicted outcome value theory (POV)
People predict the future of a relationship based how they size up someone during their first interaction
70
Recency effect
Tendency to attend to the most recent information observed about another person in order to form or modify an impression
71
Halo effect
Attributing a variety of positive qualities to those you like
72
Horn effect
Attributing a variety of negative qualities to those you dislike
73
Attribution theory
Theory that explains how you generate explanations for people's behaviors
74
Casual attribution theory
Theory of attribution that identifies the cause of a person's actions as circumstance, a stimulus, or the person himself or herself
75
Standpoint theory
Theory that a person's social position, power, or cultural background influences how the person perceives the Behavior of others
76
Culture
Learned system of knowledge, behavior, attitudes, beliefs, values, and norms shared by a group of people
77
Stereotype
To place a person or group of persons into an inflexible, all-encompassing category
78
Social identities model of deindividuation effects
Theory that people are more likely to stereotype others with whom they interact online, because such interactions provide fewer relation cues and the cues take longer to emerge than they would in face-to-face interactions
79
Fundamental attribution error
Error that arises from attributing another person's behavior to internal, controllable causes rather than to external, uncontrollable causes
80
Self-serving bias
Tendency to perceive our own behavior as more positive than others behavior
81
Mindful
Being conscious of what you are doing, thinking and sensing at any given moment
82
Indirect perception checkin
Seeking through passive perception, such as observing and listening, additional information to confirm or refute interpretations you are making
83
Direct perception checking
Asking for confirmation from the observed person of an interpretation or a perception about him or her
