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Digital Literacy > chapter 2 - sizing up computer and device hardware > Flashcards

chapter 2 - sizing up computer and device hardware Flashcards

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1
Q

describe an input device

A

hardware that allows you to enter data into a computer

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2
Q

what is the most common input device for a computer?

A

a keyboard

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3
Q

what is a tradition keyboard that uses both numbers and letters called?

A

an alphanumeric keyboard

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4
Q

If you don’t have a physical keyboard available, you can enter information by selecting keys with a mouse using a…

A

virtual keyboard.

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5
Q

Smartphones and tablets use a(n) _____ as an input device.

A

touchscreen

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6
Q

What is a pointing device?

A

a transparent grid of sensors over the screen of a monitor

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7
Q

What is the most common type of pointing device?

A

touchpad

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8
Q

With which type of computer or device is a touchpad most commonly used?

A

notebook

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9
Q

Artists, engineers, and others who need precise control over input can use a _____ to simulate drawing on paper.

A

graphics tablet

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10
Q

When you touch a _____ to a spot on the surface of a tablet, a circuit is completed and the computer receives a digital code that corresponds to the location of the circuit on the grid.

A

stylus

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11
Q

In which step of the scanning process is the scanned document sent to a computer program?

A

Step 6

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12
Q

With a scanner, the strength of the captured light is converted and sent to the computer as _____ for recording.

A

digitized information

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13
Q

In a scanner, the sensor that records light strength is called a(nn

A

charge-coupled device (CCD).

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14
Q

A(n) _____ is a matrix of rows and columns of pixels.

A

bitmap

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15
Q

A _____ is the smallest picture element that a monitor can display and is represented by one or more bits of binary data.

A

pixel

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16
Q

Flat-bed scanners are commonly used for

A

flat documents (hard copy)

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17
Q

Nearly every product today is marked with a(n) _____, which is a set of black bars of varying widths and spacing.

A

bar code

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18
Q

What is a UPC code?

A

a unique bar code assigned to a product by the manufacturer

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19
Q

Digital camera resolution is described in

A

megapixels.

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20
Q

Some digital cameras capture both video and still images, but a _____ is designed primarily for capturing video.

A

digital video camera

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21
Q

_____ includes speech, music, and sound effects that are entered into a computer.

A

Audio input

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22
Q

Nearly all PCs today have sound support that’s either built in or provided by an add-on circuit board called

A

a sound card.

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23
Q

A(n) _____ describes an object’s orientation in space.

A

gyroscope

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24
Q

True or False: A QWERTY keyboard is named for the first six letters in the top row of letters on the keyboard.

A

True

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25
True or False: A byte is an eight-digit binary number between 00000000 and 11111111.
True
26
A _____ is approximately 1,000 bytes.
kilobyte
27
One million bytes is a
megabyte.
28
Which of the following is the largest byte- kilobyte, byte, gigabyte or megabyte?
gigabyte
29
A(n) _____ is a system of binary codes that represent different letters, numbers, and symbols.
encoding scheme
30
The main shortcoming of _____ as a coding scheme was that it could NOT handle languages with complex alphabets, such as _____.
american Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII); Chinese
31
Which coding system replaced American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII)?
Unicode
32
The main part of a computer is called
the system unit.
33
The _____ converts alternating current (AC) from that’s required by computer components.
power supply
34
_____ is an electronic path along which data is transmitted, and it’s typically embedded in the _____.
bus; motherboard`
35
What is the benefit of having a larger bus width?
The bus will be able to carry more data.
36
A(n) _____ provides communication between the | CPU and a peripheral device, such as a second monitor.
expansion bus
37
A(n) _____ adds some specific capability to the system, such as sound, networking, or extra ports for connecting
expansion board; external devices
38
a port, which is also known as a(n) _____, is an external plug-in socket on a computing device.
interface
39
A _____ is a general-purpose port used by many different devices, including both input devices (such as
universal serial bus (USB)
40
A(n) _____ is commonly used TODAY to connect a computing device to a TV so the TV can be used as a monitor.
high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) port
41
A _____ is the interface designed for connecting digital devices, such as home theater equipment.
high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) port
42
A video graphics adapter (VGA) port is commonly used
as a type of monitor connector.
43
A(n) _____ closely resembles the port used for a telephone jack but is a little wider, but is used for connecting computers to networks.
Ethernet port
44
What does an audio port usually look like?
It’s a small, circular hole with a 3.5-millimeter connector plugged into it.
45
[ image shown of large black box with a metal frame on both sides. Wires are protruding from the top and a small black box is labeled with EXTERAL DRIVE BAY FOR CD OR DVD DRIVE and a larger white box adjacently below it is labeled INTERAL DRIVE BAYS FOR HARD DRIVES] What computer components are represented in this image?
storage bays
46
The term microprocessor (processor) is sometimes used to refer to the _____, the most essential and busiest component in a computer system.
central processing unit (CPU)
47
True or False: The most commonly used semiconductor material in CPUs is silicon, which is a type of purified glass.
True
48
The control unit serves what purpose in a CPU?
It directs and coordinates the CPU’s overall operation.
49
What part of the CPU carries out the instructions and performs arithmetic and logical operations on the data?
arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
50
What best describes parallel processing?
It enables two or more processors in the same computer to work on different threads simultaneously.
51
A _____ enables a computer to process several instructions at once, as if the system physically contains more than one CPU.
multicore processor
52
Which is not part of the core, or the essential processor components?
pipeline
53
A computer’s _____ stores data by holding a 1 and 0 value in each transistor and then reporting it when requested to do so.
RAM or memory
54
ROM has the advantage of being very quick to read from, but it
can’t be updated easily.
55
_____ is the type of memory people typically mean when they refer to computer “memory.”
Random-access memory (RAM)
56
This type of RAM requires a constant supply of electricity to keep its contents intact and is sometimes called volatile RAM because of the possibility of losing data.
dynamic RAM (DRAM)
57
True or False: Most RAM is synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), which means its operations are synchronized with memory access time.
True
58
Electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) allows you to _____ certain ROM chips on your own.
rewrite
59
Flash memory is a type of _____ that’s used primarily for storage—not as a substitute for RAM.
EEPROM
60
True or False: Printers are categorized into two broad groups based on how they affix or attach the print to the medium: nonimpact and impact.
True
61
Which of the following describes how a nonimpact printer works?
It forms characters and images without actually striking the output medium.
62
An inkjet printer belongs to which broad category of printers?
nonimpact
63
A thermal inkjet printer _____ the ink, creating a vapor bubble that forces the ink out of the cartridge, through a nozzle, and onto the paper. A(n) _____ is created inside the cartridge, causing more ink to be drawn into the nozzle.
heats; vacuum
64
Which of the following does not describe a piezoelectric inkjet printer?
It operates via a vacuum created inside the cartridge, which draws more ink into the nozzle.
65
Print speed is measured in ppm, which stands for
pages per minute.
66
A color laser printer uses four colors of toner: black, magenta, _____, and yellow.
cyan
67
During the final step in laser printing, the paper passes through a _____, which causes the image to stick to the paper.
fuser
68
Which of the following is not likely included in a multifunction device (MFD)?
tablet
69
A thermal printer uses _____ to transfer an impression onto the paper.
heat
70
The images produced by a _____ printer are printed as dots and must be dithered; as a result, they are lower in quality than the images produced by a modern inkjet or laser printer.
thermal wax transfer
71
Which of the following should you use to create architectural drawings and other large, high-quality, precision documents?
a plotter
72
Using a _____ printer requires having a prepaid postage account; each time you print postage, the amount is subtracted from your account balance.
postage
73
Repair and service technicians who travel to remote sites use _____ printers to generate invoices and receipts for customers.
portable
74
A(n) _____ creates just about any object you can design in a three-dimensional modeling program on the computer.
3-D printer

Digital Literacy (2 decks)

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