chapter 2 (skeletal system) Flashcards
(21 cards)
Skeletal System Functions
Support - for soft tissues of the body
Movement - bones serve as levers and joints as fulcrum
Protection - vital organs
Mineral Storage - calcium and phosphorous
Production of blood cells (hematopoiesis
types of skeleton systems
axial, appendicular
axial
bones of head, thorax, and trunk
appendicular
bones of upper/ lower extremity
upper extremity paired bones
scapula, clavicle, humerus, ulna, radius
lower extremity paired bones
hip, femur, tibia, fibula, patella
Compact or Cortical Bone
hard, dense, covers bone
Cancellous or Trabecullar Bone
spongy inside, less solid material, porous
Epiphysis
Area at each end of the diaphysis
Diaphysis
Main shaft of bone
medullary canal
passage for nutrient
Endosteum
area for bone resorption
Metaphysis
provides support
periosteum
thin membrane covering most of the bone, repair bone
types of bones
long bone, short bone, flat bone, irregular, sesamoid bone
long bones
tube shape with shaft, round ends
short bones ex.
equal dimensions, cubical (carpals) shape
flat bones ex.
broad surface (scapula, ilium)
irregular bones ex.
mixed shapes shapes (sacrum, vertebra)
sesamoid bones
resembling sesamoid seeds, found where tendons meet muscles
bone marking
depressions and opening
