Chapter 2 Social Psych Research Flashcards
(27 cards)
Theory
An organized set of principles used to explain observed phenomena.
Internal validity
The degree to which there ca be reasonable certainty that the independent variable in an experiment caused the effects obtained on the dependent variable.
Debriefing
A disclosure made to participants after research procedures are completed In Which the researcher explains the purpose of the research attempts to resolve any negative feelings and emphasizes the scientific contribution made by participants participation.
Experimental realism
The degree to which experimental procedures are involving to participants and lead them to behave naturally and spontaneously.
Correlational research
Research designed to measure the association between variables that are not manipulated by the researcher.
Dependent variables
In an experiment the factors the experimenters measure to see if they are affected by the independent variable.
Mundane realism
The degree to which the experimental situation resembles places and events that exist in the real world.
Interrater reliability
The degree to which different observers agree on their observations.
Meta-analysis
A set of statistical procedures used to review a body of evidence by combining the results of individual studies to measure the overall reliability and strength of particular effects.
Hypothesis
A testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur.
Experiment
A form of research that can demonstrate causal relationships because 1. The experimenter has control over the events that occur and 2. The participants are randomly assigned to conditions.
Random sampling
A method of selecting participants for a study so that every one in a populAtion has an equal chance of being in the study.
Basic research
Research whose goal is to increase the understanding if human behavior often by testing hypothesis based on a theory.
Experimenter expectancy effects
The effects produced when an experimenters expectations about the results of an experiment effect his or her behavior towards a participant and thereby influence the participants responses.
Random assignment
A method of assigning participants to the various conditions of an experiment so that each participant in the experiment has an equal chance of being in any of the conditions.
Subject variables
Variables that characterize pre-existing differences among the participants in a study.
Deception
Research method that provides false information to participants.
External validity
The degree to which one can be reasonably confident that the same result would be obtained for other people and in other situations.
Correlation coefficient
A statistical measure of the strength and direction of the association between two variables. The correlation coefficient can range from -1.0 – +1.0
Informed consent
An individual’s deliberate voluntary decision to participate in research based on the researchers description of what will be required during such participation.
Independent variables
In an experiment the factors experimenters manipulate to see if they affect the dependent variables.
Construct validity
The extent to which the measures used in a study measure the variables they were designed to measure and the manipulation in an experiment manipulate the variable they were designed to manipulate.
Applied research
Research whose goal is to enlarge the understanding of naturally occurring events and to find solutions to practical problems.
Confederates
Accomplices of an experimenter who, in dealing with the real participants in an experiment, act as if they also are participants.
