Chapter 2: Stress Management

Question 1

Describes the physical, emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses to events that are appraised as threatening or challenging.

Answer 1

Stress

Question 2

“a chronically high level of mental arousal and bodily
tension that exceeds a person’s capacity to cope resulting
in distress, disease and an increased capacity to cope.”

Answer 2

Stress

Question 3

some people feel the effects of stress more than others because

Answer 3

because what is *appraised as a threat by one person

might be appraised as an opportunity by another.

Question 4

subjective interpretation

Answer 4

appraisal

Question 5

events that cause stress reaction.

Answer 5

stressor

Question 6

situations which

maintains sustained mental effort

Answer 6

psychological stressor

Question 7

includes physiological and external stressors

Answer 7

physical stressor

Question 8

arise from relationships and connections

with others

Answer 8

social stressor

Question 9

socio-economic conditions

Answer 9

economic stressors

Question 10

loss of inner peace, joy and

disturbance in tranquility

Answer 10

spiritual stressor

Question 11

unpleasant and undesirable stressors

Answer 11

distress

Question 12

stress responses that could disrupt brain architecture, but generally occur within a time-limited period

Answer 12

tolerable stress

Question 13

buffered by supportive relationships that facilitate adaptive coping;

Answer 13

tolerable stress

Question 14

usually give the brain an opportunity to recover from

potentially damaging effects

Answer 14

tolerable stress

Question 15

strong and prolonged activation of the body’s stress
management systems in the absence of the buffering protection of
adult support

Answer 15

toxic stress

Question 16

disrupts brain architecture and leads to stress management systems that respond at relatively lower thresholds

Answer 16

toxic stress

Question 17

increases the risk of stress-related physical and mental illness

Answer 17

toxic stress

Question 18

positive events that still make demands on a person to adapt or change.

Answer 18

Eustress

Question 19

They still require a great deal of change in people’s habits, duties, and even lifestyle.

Answer 19

Eustress

Question 20

Whenever you find yourself torn between two or more

competing and incompatible desires, goals, or actions

Answer 20

Conflict

Question 21

conflict occurring when a person must choose between two desirable goals.

Answer 21

Approach-Approach Conflict

Question 22

The SHS valedictorian was given an option by her parents to

have an all expenses vacation in either Paris or New York.

Answer 22

Approach-Approach Conflict

Question 23

conflict occurring when a person must choose between two undesirable goals.

Answer 23

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

Question 24

As punishment for failing one of his subjects, his parents made
him choose to either surrender all his gadgets or cut off his allowance
for the entire month.

Answer 24

Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict

Question 25

A fresh graduate was given an opportunity to work and study abroad. However, conflict arises as he considers living his family behind.

Answer 25

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

Question 26

conflict occurring when a person must choose or not choose a goal that has both positive and negative aspects.

Answer 26

Approach-Avoidance Conflict

Question 27

◦ Rapid pulse ◦ Increased perspiration ◦ Shortness of breath

Answer 27

Physical/Physiological Responses

Question 28

◦ Worry or anxiety ◦ Irrational fear or outright panic ◦ Irritability or frequent anger

Answer 28

Psychological Responses

Question 29

◦ Smoking ◦ Increased or decreased eating ◦ Increased or decreased sleeping

Answer 29

Behavioral Responses

Question 30

genetically based, vulnerability, tendency

Answer 30

Diathesis

Question 31

environmental factors

Answer 31

stress

Question 32

Individuals inherit tendencies to _______________, which may then ________

Answer 32

express certain traits or behaviors; be activated under conditions

Question 33

According to APA, it is a theory which states mental and physical disorders develop from a genetic or biological predisposition for that illness (diathesis) combined with stressful conditions that play a precipitating or facilitating role.

Answer 33

Diathesis-Stress model

Question 34

HPA AXIS

Answer 34

“Hypothalamus – Pituitary Gland – Adrenal Gland Axis”

Question 35

regulates release of hormones; responsible for hunger, thirst and lust

Answer 35

Hypothalamus

Question 36

master gland of the endocrine system

Answer 36

Pituitary Gland

Question 37

controls blood sugar, burn proteins and fat, regulate blood pressure, responsible for the release of epinephrine, norepinephrine and cortisol

Answer 37

Adrenal gland

Question 38

body’s main stress hormone; the body’s “built-in alarm | system”

Answer 38

Cortisol

Question 39

Flow of stress in a body

Answer 39

Stressor → Hypothalamus → Corticotropin-releasing Hormone (CRH) → Pituitary Gland → Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) → Adrenal Gland → epinephrine, norepinephrine, cortisol

Question 40

Can serve as a negative feedback to hypothalamus and pituitary gland

Answer 40

Glucocorticoids

Question 41

Effectively dealing with stress involves

Answer 41

increased awareness

Question 42

to work on eliminating or changing the stressor itself.

Answer 42

Problem Focused Coping

Question 43

Confronting your performance task | groupmate who is not participating.

Answer 43

Problem Focused Coping

Question 44

changing the way a person feels or emotionally reacts | to a stressor.

Answer 44

Emotion Focused Coping

Question 45

reduces the emotional impact of the stressor and makes it possible to deal with the problem more effectively.

Answer 45

Emotion Focused Coping

Question 46

A teenager rants in social media every time | he experiences problems in school and at home.

Answer 46

Emotion Focused Coping

Question 47

network of friends, family members, neighbors, coworkers, and others who can offer help to a person in need.

Answer 47

Social Support System

Question 48

more likely to be done by women.

Answer 48

Social Support System

Question 49

``` • Planning • Active coping and problem-solving • Suppressing competing activities • Exercising restraint • Assertive confrontation ```

Answer 49

Problem Focused Coping

Question 50

``` • Positive reinterpretation • Acceptance • Denial • Repression • Escape-avoidance • Wishful thinking • Controlling feelings ```

Answer 50

Emotion Focused Coping

Question 51

``` • Help and guidance • Emotional support • Affirmation of worth • Tangible aid (ex. Money) ```

Answer 51

Social Support System

Question 52

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.

Answer 52

health

Question 53

A subjective state that emerges from a general feeling of satisfaction with oneself.

Answer 53

well-being

Question 54

Condition of good health, happiness and prosperity.

Answer 54

well-being

Question 55

a state of well-being in which every individual: realizes his or her own _____. can cope with the _______. can work ______ and fruitfully. able to make a ______ to her or his community.

Answer 55

potential normal stresses of life productively contribution

Question 56

Characteristics of People with Good Mental Health.

Answer 56

``` A. At peace with themselves. B. Manifest emotional control. C. Cope adequately with life stressors. D. Adjust to new or novel situations. E. Know their strengths and weaknesses and be aware of their limitations. ``` F. Adequate feelings of security. G. Realistic life goals. H. Smooth interpersonal relationship. I. Conform to social norms and standards. J. Satisfy their needs adequately and appropriately.

Question 57

represents the choices we make when faced with danger in our environment.

Answer 57

flight-or-fight response

Question 58

a reaction that occurs in the presence of a situation that is terrifying, either mentally or physically.

Answer 58

flight or fight

Question 59

The response is preparing your body to either stay (to fight) and deal with a threat or to run away (to flight) to safety.

Answer 59

flight or fight

Question 60

Comes in a form of pollution, a congested place or a high level of noise.

Answer 60

physical stressor

Question 61

Transitioning to a new environment/ change of routine.

Answer 61

physical stressor

Question 62

It may also include fatigue, pain, shock, trauma, and other physiological conditions in our body.

Answer 62

It may also include fatigue, pain, shock, trauma, and other physiological conditions in our body.

Question 63

Includes academic overload

Answer 63

mental stressor

Question 64

Reviewing for the exams | Lack of organization

Answer 64

mental stressor

Question 65

Running after deadlines or situations that call for sustained mental effort.

Answer 65

mental stressor

Question 66

Participating in class

Answer 66

mental stressor

Question 67

Somehow interrelated because they involve relating with other people. Feelings of lack of support.

Answer 67

Social, Emotional, Psychological Stressors

Question 68

As we interact with others, we encounter conflicts and disappointments leading to feelings of frustration, tension, anxiety, and even anger or depression.

Answer 68

Social, Emotional, Psychological Stressors

Question 69

change, synonym to crisis and conflict

Answer 69

crisis

Question 70

A sense of disequilibrium

Answer 70

crisis

Question 71

the kind of stress that is helpful in promoting one’s growth and development by providing sufficient challenges that allow one to become more resourceful and show initiative in problem-solving.

Answer 71

Eustress

Question 72

life would be such a common zone and may lead to boredom.

Answer 72

eustress

Question 73

may predispose or precipitate psychopathology or mental disorders.

Answer 73

psychological deprivation

Question 74

Unpleasant and disturbing feeling brought about by the non-attainment of goals

Answer 74

frustration